Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture
Microecological preparations (MPs), encompassing probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics, are microbial feed supplements that enhance host health through gut microbiota modulation. Unlike the narrow definition of probiotics (viable microorganisms), MPs constitute a broader category inclu...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/263 |
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| author | Ruiheng Qu Hao Wu Alkhateib Y. Gaafar Abdelgayed Metwaly Younes Quanquan Cao |
| author_facet | Ruiheng Qu Hao Wu Alkhateib Y. Gaafar Abdelgayed Metwaly Younes Quanquan Cao |
| author_sort | Ruiheng Qu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microecological preparations (MPs), encompassing probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics, are microbial feed supplements that enhance host health through gut microbiota modulation. Unlike the narrow definition of probiotics (viable microorganisms), MPs constitute a broader category including non-viable microbial derivatives and selectively fermented substrates. Their application in aquaculture significantly reduces antibiotic dependence. Given the industry’s intensification challenges, while meeting global protein demands, high-density aquaculture elevates disease risks, driving prophylactic antibiotic overuse. This practice accelerates antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development, compromising treatment efficacy and causing residual antibiotics in aquatic products. Such residues violate international food safety standards, triggering trade disputes. As sustainable alternatives, MPs operate through multiple mechanisms: the competitive exclusion of pathogens, immune stimulation, and nutrient absorption enhancement. This review examines the patterns of antibiotic abuse and the emergence of AMR in carp aquaculture, evaluates MP-based mitigation strategies from the perspective of antibiotic alternatives, and analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and application progress of MPs. Based on existing evidence, we propose targeted research priorities for MP optimization, advocating for scientifically guided implementation in commercial cyprinid aquaculture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e040f0a99a554a438cbc53445c55048f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj-art-e040f0a99a554a438cbc53445c55048f2025-08-20T03:27:25ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882025-06-0110626310.3390/fishes10060263Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid AquacultureRuiheng Qu0Hao Wu1Alkhateib Y. Gaafar2Abdelgayed Metwaly Younes3Quanquan Cao4College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaHydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 999060, EgyptHydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 999060, EgyptCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaMicroecological preparations (MPs), encompassing probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics, are microbial feed supplements that enhance host health through gut microbiota modulation. Unlike the narrow definition of probiotics (viable microorganisms), MPs constitute a broader category including non-viable microbial derivatives and selectively fermented substrates. Their application in aquaculture significantly reduces antibiotic dependence. Given the industry’s intensification challenges, while meeting global protein demands, high-density aquaculture elevates disease risks, driving prophylactic antibiotic overuse. This practice accelerates antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development, compromising treatment efficacy and causing residual antibiotics in aquatic products. Such residues violate international food safety standards, triggering trade disputes. As sustainable alternatives, MPs operate through multiple mechanisms: the competitive exclusion of pathogens, immune stimulation, and nutrient absorption enhancement. This review examines the patterns of antibiotic abuse and the emergence of AMR in carp aquaculture, evaluates MP-based mitigation strategies from the perspective of antibiotic alternatives, and analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and application progress of MPs. Based on existing evidence, we propose targeted research priorities for MP optimization, advocating for scientifically guided implementation in commercial cyprinid aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/263cyprinid aquaculturemicroecological preparationsAMRantibiotic alternatives |
| spellingShingle | Ruiheng Qu Hao Wu Alkhateib Y. Gaafar Abdelgayed Metwaly Younes Quanquan Cao Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture Fishes cyprinid aquaculture microecological preparations AMR antibiotic alternatives |
| title | Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture |
| title_full | Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture |
| title_fullStr | Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture |
| title_short | Microecological Preparations as Antibiotic Alternatives in Cyprinid Aquaculture |
| title_sort | microecological preparations as antibiotic alternatives in cyprinid aquaculture |
| topic | cyprinid aquaculture microecological preparations AMR antibiotic alternatives |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/263 |
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