Association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and esophageal varices: a Mendelian randomization study
Introduction Esophageal varices (EV) are dilated submucosal veins in the distal esophagus connecting the portal vein to the systemic circulation. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a variety of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. The aim of t...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Termedia Publishing House
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Archives of Medical Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/Association-between-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-and-esophageal-varices-a-Mendelian-randomization,191419,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
Esophageal varices (EV) are dilated submucosal veins in the distal esophagus connecting the portal vein to the systemic circulation. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a variety of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between T1DM and EV from a genetic perspective.
Material and methods
We performed a genome-wide association study of the causal relationship between T1DM and EV using pooled data from the GWAS database. Firstly, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of these two diseases. Next, we used multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) to further confirm the effect of type 1 diabetes on esophageal varices after excluding confounding factors such as cirrhosis and immune system disorders associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods, leave-one-out analysis and funnel plots.
Results
In all two-sample MR analyses, the p -values of the IVW were all 1, and the directions of the IVW and MR-Egger assays were consistent. No horizontal pleiotropy was found for the MR-Egger intercept, and leave-one out analysis showed that the results remained stable after the removal of individual SNPs. MVMR analysis showed that the causal relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus and esophageal varices persisted after exclusion of immune-related confounders.
Conclusions
The results of the MR analysis supported a causal relationship between T1DM and EV risk. |
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| ISSN: | 1734-1922 1896-9151 |