Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals

Abstract In order to accurately detect series arc fault, this paper proposes a series arc fault detection method based on voltage signal which introduces inception with multi-scale parallel convolution operation, and combines bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent network (BiLSTM) with atten...

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Main Authors: Bin Li, Jiahui Shu, Feifan Cui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12760-7
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author Bin Li
Jiahui Shu
Feifan Cui
author_facet Bin Li
Jiahui Shu
Feifan Cui
author_sort Bin Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In order to accurately detect series arc fault, this paper proposes a series arc fault detection method based on voltage signal which introduces inception with multi-scale parallel convolution operation, and combines bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent network (BiLSTM) with attention mechanism. Firstly, a household experimental platform was built, and the line voltage signal obtained by the experiment was subjected to wavelet transform and principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction to construct a dataset. Secondly, Inception is introduced to extract the multi-level features of the samples, and the parallel output is input into BiLSTM after global max pooling layer. Then, self-attention is used to perform reinforcement learning on the hidden state vector. Finally, the output results are classified by the fully connected layer. Compared with the detection results of various algorithms, it is verified that this method has more advantages in the identification of series arc fault. In addition, additional experiments at different sampling frequencies show that the method has good adaptability, and the identification accuracy has better performance when the sampling frequency is 10 KHZ, which has certain theoretical guiding significance for the development of the series arc fault detection device in the next step.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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spelling doaj-art-e032d9ca0a43422cbedde0b36bc269972025-08-20T04:01:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-12760-7Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signalsBin Li0Jiahui Shu1Feifan Cui2Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversityFaculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversityFaculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversityAbstract In order to accurately detect series arc fault, this paper proposes a series arc fault detection method based on voltage signal which introduces inception with multi-scale parallel convolution operation, and combines bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent network (BiLSTM) with attention mechanism. Firstly, a household experimental platform was built, and the line voltage signal obtained by the experiment was subjected to wavelet transform and principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction to construct a dataset. Secondly, Inception is introduced to extract the multi-level features of the samples, and the parallel output is input into BiLSTM after global max pooling layer. Then, self-attention is used to perform reinforcement learning on the hidden state vector. Finally, the output results are classified by the fully connected layer. Compared with the detection results of various algorithms, it is verified that this method has more advantages in the identification of series arc fault. In addition, additional experiments at different sampling frequencies show that the method has good adaptability, and the identification accuracy has better performance when the sampling frequency is 10 KHZ, which has certain theoretical guiding significance for the development of the series arc fault detection device in the next step.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12760-7Series arc fault detectionMulti-scale parallel convolution operationWavelet transformPrincipal component analysis dimensionality reductionBidirectional long short-term memory recurrent networkSelf-attention
spellingShingle Bin Li
Jiahui Shu
Feifan Cui
Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
Scientific Reports
Series arc fault detection
Multi-scale parallel convolution operation
Wavelet transform
Principal component analysis dimensionality reduction
Bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent network
Self-attention
title Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
title_full Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
title_fullStr Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
title_full_unstemmed Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
title_short Research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
title_sort research on series arc fault detection method household loads based on voltage signals
topic Series arc fault detection
Multi-scale parallel convolution operation
Wavelet transform
Principal component analysis dimensionality reduction
Bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent network
Self-attention
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12760-7
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AT jiahuishu researchonseriesarcfaultdetectionmethodhouseholdloadsbasedonvoltagesignals
AT feifancui researchonseriesarcfaultdetectionmethodhouseholdloadsbasedonvoltagesignals