Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes

The south China Sea, a crucial passage for international shipping, features a complex and hazardous navigational environment; therefore, effective emergency response mechanisms are vital. Numerous islands and reefs distributed around shipping routes have the potential to serve as rapid-response loca...

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Main Authors: Shi Shaochen, Wu Wenzhou, Zhang Peng, Li Fengyu, Su Fenzhen
Format: Article
Language:zho
Published: Editorial Committee of Tropical Geography 2025-07-01
Series:Redai dili
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Online Access:https://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250045
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author Shi Shaochen
Wu Wenzhou
Zhang Peng
Li Fengyu
Su Fenzhen
author_facet Shi Shaochen
Wu Wenzhou
Zhang Peng
Li Fengyu
Su Fenzhen
author_sort Shi Shaochen
collection DOAJ
description The south China Sea, a crucial passage for international shipping, features a complex and hazardous navigational environment; therefore, effective emergency response mechanisms are vital. Numerous islands and reefs distributed around shipping routes have the potential to serve as rapid-response locations for handling maritime emergencies. Therefore, evaluating the search and rescue (SAR) reachability of South China Sea islands and reefs from shipping routes is crucial. In this study, a Voronoi diagram was used to spatially configure the South China Sea islands and reefs and indicate their functional areas. Subsequently, multilevel buffer zones were utilized to grade their SAR ranges. The shipping routes located closer to islands and reefs had higher SAR intensity weights for the buffer zone. We then performed a quantitative analysis on the relationship between the SAR intensities of 138 South China Sea islands and reefs and shipping routes to assess the SAR reachability and strategic values of above-water inhabited, above-water uninhabited, and submerged islands and reefs. The results indicate that the SAR reachability of islands and reefs to shipping routes largely depends on their spatial relationships with other islands and reefs. Specifically, the distance from an island or reef to a shipping route is a key determinant of its SAR reachability. Islands/reefs located close to the shipping routes had higher SAR intensities and higher SAR reachability. However, in regions containing relatively dense distribution of islands and reefs, the SAR buffer zones may be reduced owing to competition and squeezing by other islands and reefs, which resulted in weakened SAR intensity. Conducting effective SAR operations on shipping routes may be impossible in such cases, thereby lowering the SAR reachability. Among the above-water inhabited islands and reefs, Dongdao Island, Swallow Reef, Zhongjian Island, and Beizi Island exhibited more prominent SAR reachability for different shipping routes and had the highest values. Among the above-water uninhabited islands and reefs, Huangyan and Quanfu Islands had relatively high SAR reachability and the highest development potentials. Among the submerged islands and reefs, the comprehensive advantages of Commodore Reef, Haima Shoal, Investigator Shoal, Wood Bank, Langhua Reef, and Royal Charlotte Reef were clear, with relatively high potential development values.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1001-5221
language zho
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Editorial Committee of Tropical Geography
record_format Article
series Redai dili
spelling doaj-art-e02c1dc09a2c42d3b28e346a6dd419e82025-08-20T03:42:14ZzhoEditorial Committee of Tropical GeographyRedai dili1001-52212025-07-014571274128310.13284/j.cnki.rddl.202500451001-5221(2025)07-1274-10Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping RoutesShi Shaochen0Wu Wenzhou1Zhang Peng2Li Fengyu3Su Fenzhen4State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaThe south China Sea, a crucial passage for international shipping, features a complex and hazardous navigational environment; therefore, effective emergency response mechanisms are vital. Numerous islands and reefs distributed around shipping routes have the potential to serve as rapid-response locations for handling maritime emergencies. Therefore, evaluating the search and rescue (SAR) reachability of South China Sea islands and reefs from shipping routes is crucial. In this study, a Voronoi diagram was used to spatially configure the South China Sea islands and reefs and indicate their functional areas. Subsequently, multilevel buffer zones were utilized to grade their SAR ranges. The shipping routes located closer to islands and reefs had higher SAR intensity weights for the buffer zone. We then performed a quantitative analysis on the relationship between the SAR intensities of 138 South China Sea islands and reefs and shipping routes to assess the SAR reachability and strategic values of above-water inhabited, above-water uninhabited, and submerged islands and reefs. The results indicate that the SAR reachability of islands and reefs to shipping routes largely depends on their spatial relationships with other islands and reefs. Specifically, the distance from an island or reef to a shipping route is a key determinant of its SAR reachability. Islands/reefs located close to the shipping routes had higher SAR intensities and higher SAR reachability. However, in regions containing relatively dense distribution of islands and reefs, the SAR buffer zones may be reduced owing to competition and squeezing by other islands and reefs, which resulted in weakened SAR intensity. Conducting effective SAR operations on shipping routes may be impossible in such cases, thereby lowering the SAR reachability. Among the above-water inhabited islands and reefs, Dongdao Island, Swallow Reef, Zhongjian Island, and Beizi Island exhibited more prominent SAR reachability for different shipping routes and had the highest values. Among the above-water uninhabited islands and reefs, Huangyan and Quanfu Islands had relatively high SAR reachability and the highest development potentials. Among the submerged islands and reefs, the comprehensive advantages of Commodore Reef, Haima Shoal, Investigator Shoal, Wood Bank, Langhua Reef, and Royal Charlotte Reef were clear, with relatively high potential development values.https://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250045maritime search and rescuespatial allocationvoronoi diagramaccessibilitysearch and rescue intensitysouth china sea islands and reefs
spellingShingle Shi Shaochen
Wu Wenzhou
Zhang Peng
Li Fengyu
Su Fenzhen
Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
Redai dili
maritime search and rescue
spatial allocation
voronoi diagram
accessibility
search and rescue intensity
south china sea islands and reefs
title Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
title_full Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
title_fullStr Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
title_short Assessing Maritime Search and Rescue Accessibility from South China Sea Islands and Reefs to Shipping Routes
title_sort assessing maritime search and rescue accessibility from south china sea islands and reefs to shipping routes
topic maritime search and rescue
spatial allocation
voronoi diagram
accessibility
search and rescue intensity
south china sea islands and reefs
url https://www.rddl.com.cn/CN/10.13284/j.cnki.rddl.20250045
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AT zhangpeng assessingmaritimesearchandrescueaccessibilityfromsouthchinaseaislandsandreefstoshippingroutes
AT lifengyu assessingmaritimesearchandrescueaccessibilityfromsouthchinaseaislandsandreefstoshippingroutes
AT sufenzhen assessingmaritimesearchandrescueaccessibilityfromsouthchinaseaislandsandreefstoshippingroutes