Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling

ABSTRACT Estimating species extinction risk is crucial to reverse biodiversity loss and to adopt proper conservation measures. Different sources may play a pivotal role in prioritising species conservation. Recently, citizen science demonstrated a substantial role, especially when it comes to butter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: S. Alberti, A. Pollo, C. Cerrato, R. Viterbi, E. Balletto, L. Dapporto, S. Bonelli, I. Piccini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-02-01
Series:Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71023
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849467754516578304
author S. Alberti
A. Pollo
C. Cerrato
R. Viterbi
E. Balletto
L. Dapporto
S. Bonelli
I. Piccini
author_facet S. Alberti
A. Pollo
C. Cerrato
R. Viterbi
E. Balletto
L. Dapporto
S. Bonelli
I. Piccini
author_sort S. Alberti
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Estimating species extinction risk is crucial to reverse biodiversity loss and to adopt proper conservation measures. Different sources may play a pivotal role in prioritising species conservation. Recently, citizen science demonstrated a substantial role, especially when it comes to butterflies. This study examines species records and richness in Aosta Valley, which represents one of the highest mountain areas in Europe. Through 30,351 data points from 1825 to 2022, the impact and efficiency of three groups of data sources were investigated: literature (i.e., publications and collections), sampling (butterfly experts' recording), and citizen science (open‐source databases). The study also aims to assess the extinction potential of the butterflies in relation to functional traits. The results showed that even if there were significant differences in the number of records between the three sources, there were no significant differences for species recorded. Moreover, 2.9% of the butterfly community risks extinction, and it is related to some response traits. Indeed, extinction risks increase when the altitudinal range decreases and for multivoltines. In conclusion, citizen science has a strong impact on the amount of data and could be exploited to fill data gaps at low/medium altitudes. However, professional sampling is needed to focus on species no longer reported, and in particular on species that are difficult to identify, have specific distributions or particular traits (e.g., limited altitudinal range). Using different data sources, extinction risk estimation, and trait analysis, it is possible to prioritise studies on some species using different efforts (sampling and/or citizen sciences).
format Article
id doaj-art-e02947f0aac449cc9fb81dadc36cfb9e
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-7758
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-e02947f0aac449cc9fb81dadc36cfb9e2025-08-20T03:26:04ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-02-01152n/an/a10.1002/ece3.71023Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and SamplingS. Alberti0A. Pollo1C. Cerrato2R. Viterbi3E. Balletto4L. Dapporto5S. Bonelli6I. Piccini7Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyGran Paradiso National Park Turin ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyDepartment of Biology University of Florence Florence ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin ItalyABSTRACT Estimating species extinction risk is crucial to reverse biodiversity loss and to adopt proper conservation measures. Different sources may play a pivotal role in prioritising species conservation. Recently, citizen science demonstrated a substantial role, especially when it comes to butterflies. This study examines species records and richness in Aosta Valley, which represents one of the highest mountain areas in Europe. Through 30,351 data points from 1825 to 2022, the impact and efficiency of three groups of data sources were investigated: literature (i.e., publications and collections), sampling (butterfly experts' recording), and citizen science (open‐source databases). The study also aims to assess the extinction potential of the butterflies in relation to functional traits. The results showed that even if there were significant differences in the number of records between the three sources, there were no significant differences for species recorded. Moreover, 2.9% of the butterfly community risks extinction, and it is related to some response traits. Indeed, extinction risks increase when the altitudinal range decreases and for multivoltines. In conclusion, citizen science has a strong impact on the amount of data and could be exploited to fill data gaps at low/medium altitudes. However, professional sampling is needed to focus on species no longer reported, and in particular on species that are difficult to identify, have specific distributions or particular traits (e.g., limited altitudinal range). Using different data sources, extinction risk estimation, and trait analysis, it is possible to prioritise studies on some species using different efforts (sampling and/or citizen sciences).https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71023altitudecitizen scienceconservationecological traits; historical dataparkstemporal distribution
spellingShingle S. Alberti
A. Pollo
C. Cerrato
R. Viterbi
E. Balletto
L. Dapporto
S. Bonelli
I. Piccini
Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
Ecology and Evolution
altitude
citizen science
conservation
ecological traits; historical data
parks
temporal distribution
title Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
title_full Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
title_fullStr Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
title_full_unstemmed Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
title_short Unrecorded Butterfly Species and Potential Local Extinctions: The Role of Citizen Science and Sampling
title_sort unrecorded butterfly species and potential local extinctions the role of citizen science and sampling
topic altitude
citizen science
conservation
ecological traits; historical data
parks
temporal distribution
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71023
work_keys_str_mv AT salberti unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT apollo unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT ccerrato unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT rviterbi unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT eballetto unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT ldapporto unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT sbonelli unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling
AT ipiccini unrecordedbutterflyspeciesandpotentiallocalextinctionstheroleofcitizenscienceandsampling