Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae
<i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a severe pest of <i>Aquilaria</i> plants, which produce high-priced agarwood. The larval stage of this pest is gregarious, usually forming large aggregates during young instars and becoming solitary during the fifth insta...
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2024-09-01
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| author | Xinya Yang Guangsheng Li Cai Wang |
| author_facet | Xinya Yang Guangsheng Li Cai Wang |
| author_sort | Xinya Yang |
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| description | <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a severe pest of <i>Aquilaria</i> plants, which produce high-priced agarwood. The larval stage of this pest is gregarious, usually forming large aggregates during young instars and becoming solitary during the fifth instar. We hypothesize that the cuticle chemicals of young-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae could promote larval aggregating, whereas the cuticle chemicals of late-instar larvae would no longer attract young-instar larvae. In this study, two-choice tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of cuticle extracts of second- and fifth-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae on the aggregation preference of second-instar larvae. Results show that significantly more larvae aggregated on the leaves treated with the hexane extract of second-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae than on untreated leaves. However, the hexane extract of fifth-instar larvae had no significant effect on the aggregation preference of the second-instar conspecific larvae. Interestingly, acetone extracts of both second- and fifth-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae repelled the second-instar conspecific larvae throughout the 8 h experiment. Our study shows that cuticle chemicals of <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae may play a role in the group dynamics of this pest, which may contribute to screening novel attractants and repellents for <i>H. vitessoides</i>. Detailed chemical analyses of the extracts and identification of the compounds involved in larval attracting and repelling would be valuable in future studies. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e014b9126aaf413987b46f255f2ec9da2025-08-20T02:11:13ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-09-01151074610.3390/insects15100746Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific LarvaeXinya Yang0Guangsheng Li1Cai Wang2College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China<i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a severe pest of <i>Aquilaria</i> plants, which produce high-priced agarwood. The larval stage of this pest is gregarious, usually forming large aggregates during young instars and becoming solitary during the fifth instar. We hypothesize that the cuticle chemicals of young-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae could promote larval aggregating, whereas the cuticle chemicals of late-instar larvae would no longer attract young-instar larvae. In this study, two-choice tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of cuticle extracts of second- and fifth-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae on the aggregation preference of second-instar larvae. Results show that significantly more larvae aggregated on the leaves treated with the hexane extract of second-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae than on untreated leaves. However, the hexane extract of fifth-instar larvae had no significant effect on the aggregation preference of the second-instar conspecific larvae. Interestingly, acetone extracts of both second- and fifth-instar <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae repelled the second-instar conspecific larvae throughout the 8 h experiment. Our study shows that cuticle chemicals of <i>H. vitessoides</i> larvae may play a role in the group dynamics of this pest, which may contribute to screening novel attractants and repellents for <i>H. vitessoides</i>. Detailed chemical analyses of the extracts and identification of the compounds involved in larval attracting and repelling would be valuable in future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/10/746aggregation preference<i>Aquilaria sinensis</i>extractiongregariousnessLepidoptera |
| spellingShingle | Xinya Yang Guangsheng Li Cai Wang Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae Insects aggregation preference <i>Aquilaria sinensis</i> extraction gregariousness Lepidoptera |
| title | Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae |
| title_full | Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae |
| title_fullStr | Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae |
| title_short | Evidence of Cuticle Chemicals of <i>Heortia vitessoides</i> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae Influencing the Aggregation Behavior of Conspecific Larvae |
| title_sort | evidence of cuticle chemicals of i heortia vitessoides i lepidoptera crambidae larvae influencing the aggregation behavior of conspecific larvae |
| topic | aggregation preference <i>Aquilaria sinensis</i> extraction gregariousness Lepidoptera |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/15/10/746 |
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