Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition

With a combination of desirable properties such as low density, high specific yield strength, low material cost, and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, iron aluminide (Fe-Al) has shown considerable potential to be an alternative to high-alloy chromium steels, and in some cases even nickel...

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Main Authors: Gökhan Ertugrul, Aliakbar Emdadi, Sebastian Härtel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Additive Manufacturing Letters
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369025000465
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author Gökhan Ertugrul
Aliakbar Emdadi
Sebastian Härtel
author_facet Gökhan Ertugrul
Aliakbar Emdadi
Sebastian Härtel
author_sort Gökhan Ertugrul
collection DOAJ
description With a combination of desirable properties such as low density, high specific yield strength, low material cost, and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, iron aluminide (Fe-Al) has shown considerable potential to be an alternative to high-alloy chromium steels, and in some cases even nickel-based superalloys, in high-temperature applications. Due to these features, it is especially suitable for the aerospace and automotive industries. Recent advancements indicate an increasing interest in Fe-Al within the additive manufacturing industry, particularly in directed energy deposition (DED) processes. Despite this progress, processing of Fe-Al materials using the laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, Fe-Al powder material was produced from a commercial Al rod encased in a commercial low alloy-steel tube by a plasma-based ultrasonic atomization eliminating the need to cast an alloy ingot in advance. Subsequently, the produced powder was used in a l-DED process to fabricate an additively manufactured sample. The sample was investigated in terms of mechanical property, microstructure, chemical composition, and phase structure by scanning electron microscope (SEM) / energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and microhardness analyses.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2772-3690
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publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Elsevier
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series Additive Manufacturing Letters
spelling doaj-art-e0148ca4e5474fe5aa5e07182324aa5f2025-08-21T04:17:57ZengElsevierAdditive Manufacturing Letters2772-36902025-07-011410031310.1016/j.addlet.2025.100313Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy depositionGökhan Ertugrul0Aliakbar Emdadi1Sebastian Härtel2Chair of Hybrid Manufacturing, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany; Corresponding authors.Chair of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Technology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, GermanyChair of Hybrid Manufacturing, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, GermanyWith a combination of desirable properties such as low density, high specific yield strength, low material cost, and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, iron aluminide (Fe-Al) has shown considerable potential to be an alternative to high-alloy chromium steels, and in some cases even nickel-based superalloys, in high-temperature applications. Due to these features, it is especially suitable for the aerospace and automotive industries. Recent advancements indicate an increasing interest in Fe-Al within the additive manufacturing industry, particularly in directed energy deposition (DED) processes. Despite this progress, processing of Fe-Al materials using the laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, Fe-Al powder material was produced from a commercial Al rod encased in a commercial low alloy-steel tube by a plasma-based ultrasonic atomization eliminating the need to cast an alloy ingot in advance. Subsequently, the produced powder was used in a l-DED process to fabricate an additively manufactured sample. The sample was investigated in terms of mechanical property, microstructure, chemical composition, and phase structure by scanning electron microscope (SEM) / energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and microhardness analyses.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369025000465Iron Aluminides (Fe-Al)Additive ManufacturingLaser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED)Process ChainPlasma Ultrasonic AtomizationPowder
spellingShingle Gökhan Ertugrul
Aliakbar Emdadi
Sebastian Härtel
Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
Additive Manufacturing Letters
Iron Aluminides (Fe-Al)
Additive Manufacturing
Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED)
Process Chain
Plasma Ultrasonic Atomization
Powder
title Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
title_full Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
title_fullStr Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
title_full_unstemmed Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
title_short Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition
title_sort powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser directed energy deposition
topic Iron Aluminides (Fe-Al)
Additive Manufacturing
Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED)
Process Chain
Plasma Ultrasonic Atomization
Powder
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772369025000465
work_keys_str_mv AT gokhanertugrul powderproductionandadditivemanufacturingofironaluminidealloysusingplasmaultrasonicatomizationandlaserdirectedenergydeposition
AT aliakbaremdadi powderproductionandadditivemanufacturingofironaluminidealloysusingplasmaultrasonicatomizationandlaserdirectedenergydeposition
AT sebastianhartel powderproductionandadditivemanufacturingofironaluminidealloysusingplasmaultrasonicatomizationandlaserdirectedenergydeposition