Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis
This article evaluates two essential non-destructive electromagnetic techniques, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and eddy current (EC) methods, and their effectiveness in assessing the basic parameters of reinforced concrete (RC). The study compares both systems’ hardware and software components, emphas...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11965 |
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| author | Paweł Karol Frankowski Piotr Majzner Marcin Mąka Tomasz Stawicki |
| author_facet | Paweł Karol Frankowski Piotr Majzner Marcin Mąka Tomasz Stawicki |
| author_sort | Paweł Karol Frankowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article evaluates two essential non-destructive electromagnetic techniques, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and eddy current (EC) methods, and their effectiveness in assessing the basic parameters of reinforced concrete (RC). The study compares both systems’ hardware and software components, emphasizing the adaptations implemented to tailor the methods for evaluating RC structures. Subsequently, the measurement results are analyzed, and association rules are extracted to demonstrate the relationships between variations in the physical parameters of the tested structure and the features of the measured waveforms. Finally, similar identification models are implemented, and the obtained identification results are compared. The paper documents and details all phases of this research. The findings indicate that while the operational principles of both methods are similar, the techniques differ significantly in terms of their measurement systems’ complexity and usability. The eddy current (EC) method exhibits superior spatial resolution, whereas the magnetic method is more straightforward and offers a greater effective range and favorable association rules. Consequently, it is recommended that both techniques be utilized for different structures and in varying contexts. The techniques’ advantages, disadvantages, and limitations are discussed in this work and supported by the measurement results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e01454ef619349c69014c1e8d900a32b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-e01454ef619349c69014c1e8d900a32b2024-12-27T14:08:56ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172024-12-0114241196510.3390/app142411965Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative AnalysisPaweł Karol Frankowski0Piotr Majzner1Marcin Mąka2Tomasz Stawicki3Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications, Maritime University of Szczecin, Wały Chrobrego 1-2, 70-500 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Engineering of Renewable Energy Sources, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Papieza Pawla VI Street 1, 71-459 Szczecin, PolandThis article evaluates two essential non-destructive electromagnetic techniques, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and eddy current (EC) methods, and their effectiveness in assessing the basic parameters of reinforced concrete (RC). The study compares both systems’ hardware and software components, emphasizing the adaptations implemented to tailor the methods for evaluating RC structures. Subsequently, the measurement results are analyzed, and association rules are extracted to demonstrate the relationships between variations in the physical parameters of the tested structure and the features of the measured waveforms. Finally, similar identification models are implemented, and the obtained identification results are compared. The paper documents and details all phases of this research. The findings indicate that while the operational principles of both methods are similar, the techniques differ significantly in terms of their measurement systems’ complexity and usability. The eddy current (EC) method exhibits superior spatial resolution, whereas the magnetic method is more straightforward and offers a greater effective range and favorable association rules. Consequently, it is recommended that both techniques be utilized for different structures and in varying contexts. The techniques’ advantages, disadvantages, and limitations are discussed in this work and supported by the measurement results.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11965reinforcement bar evaluationrebarreinforced concretemachine learningfeature extractionassociation rule extraction |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Karol Frankowski Piotr Majzner Marcin Mąka Tomasz Stawicki Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis Applied Sciences reinforcement bar evaluation rebar reinforced concrete machine learning feature extraction association rule extraction |
| title | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis |
| title_full | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis |
| title_short | Non-Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Magnetic Flux Leakage and Eddy Current Methods—Comparative Analysis |
| title_sort | non destructive evaluation of reinforced concrete structures with magnetic flux leakage and eddy current methods comparative analysis |
| topic | reinforcement bar evaluation rebar reinforced concrete machine learning feature extraction association rule extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/14/24/11965 |
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