Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems
Restriction–modification systems (RMS) are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and serve as primitive immune-like mechanisms that safeguard microbial genomes against foreign genetic elements. Beyond their well-known role in sequence-specific defense, RMS also contribute significantly to genomic stability, dri...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1126 |
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| author | Chen Chen Yue Zhang Hao Wu Jianjun Qiao Qinggele Caiyin |
| author_facet | Chen Chen Yue Zhang Hao Wu Jianjun Qiao Qinggele Caiyin |
| author_sort | Chen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Restriction–modification systems (RMS) are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and serve as primitive immune-like mechanisms that safeguard microbial genomes against foreign genetic elements. Beyond their well-known role in sequence-specific defense, RMS also contribute significantly to genomic stability, drive evolutionary processes, and mitigate the deleterious effects of mutations. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current insights into RMS, emphasizing their structural and functional diversity, ecological and evolutionary roles, and expanding applications in biotechnology. By integrating recent advances with an analysis of persisting challenges, we highlight the critical contributions of RMS to both fundamental microbiology and practical applications in biomedicine and industrial biotechnology. Furthermore, we discuss emerging research directions in RMS, particularly in light of novel technologies and the increasing importance of microbial genetics in addressing global health and environmental issues. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e00690b43bf14d4ca332e9ccf015dbf5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-e00690b43bf14d4ca332e9ccf015dbf52025-08-20T03:47:54ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-05-01135112610.3390/microorganisms13051126Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification SystemsChen Chen0Yue Zhang1Hao Wu2Jianjun Qiao3Qinggele Caiyin4School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaZhejiang Institute of Tianjin University (Shaoxing), Shaoxing 312300, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaRestriction–modification systems (RMS) are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and serve as primitive immune-like mechanisms that safeguard microbial genomes against foreign genetic elements. Beyond their well-known role in sequence-specific defense, RMS also contribute significantly to genomic stability, drive evolutionary processes, and mitigate the deleterious effects of mutations. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current insights into RMS, emphasizing their structural and functional diversity, ecological and evolutionary roles, and expanding applications in biotechnology. By integrating recent advances with an analysis of persisting challenges, we highlight the critical contributions of RMS to both fundamental microbiology and practical applications in biomedicine and industrial biotechnology. Furthermore, we discuss emerging research directions in RMS, particularly in light of novel technologies and the increasing importance of microbial genetics in addressing global health and environmental issues.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1126restriction–modification systemsmicrobial immunitygenomic stabilitybiotechnologyevolutionary dynamicsmicrobial genetics |
| spellingShingle | Chen Chen Yue Zhang Hao Wu Jianjun Qiao Qinggele Caiyin Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems Microorganisms restriction–modification systems microbial immunity genomic stability biotechnology evolutionary dynamics microbial genetics |
| title | Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems |
| title_full | Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems |
| title_short | Advances in Diversity, Evolutionary Dynamics and Biotechnological Potential of Restriction-Modification Systems |
| title_sort | advances in diversity evolutionary dynamics and biotechnological potential of restriction modification systems |
| topic | restriction–modification systems microbial immunity genomic stability biotechnology evolutionary dynamics microbial genetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/5/1126 |
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