Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CP NPs) attract attention as nanoscale materials used for a variety of applications. In relation to this, the internal structure of CP NPs is an important factor for their properties, and numerous investigations have been carried out to control their nanomorphology....
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Tomohisa Watanabe Masatoshi Maeki Manabu Tokeshi Tianle Gao Feng Li Takuya Isono Kenji Tajima Toshifumi Satoh Shin-ichiro Sato Takuya Yamamoto |
| author_facet | Tomohisa Watanabe Masatoshi Maeki Manabu Tokeshi Tianle Gao Feng Li Takuya Isono Kenji Tajima Toshifumi Satoh Shin-ichiro Sato Takuya Yamamoto |
| author_sort | Tomohisa Watanabe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CP NPs) attract attention as nanoscale materials used for a variety of applications. In relation to this, the internal structure of CP NPs is an important factor for their properties, and numerous investigations have been carried out to control their nanomorphology. Here, we report the formation of CP NPs from defect-free cyclic poly(3-hexylthiophene) (<i>c</i>-P3HT) using a microfluidic device, and the effect of polymer topology on their structural and solvatochromic properties was investigated. CP NPs from <i>c</i>-P3HT exhibited reduced particle sizes and hypsochromic shifts in the absorption spectrum when compared to CP NPs obtained from corresponding linear P3HT (<i>l</i>-P3HT). Furthermore, steady responses in the solvatochromism of CP NPs from <i>c</i>-P3HT were observed, while those from <i>l</i>-P3HT displayed molecular weight dependency. These <i>topology effects</i> were caused by the change in the conjugation length, solubility, and crystallinity upon cyclization. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) studies of spin-coated P3HT films further showed a reduced interchain order and a larger proportion of face-on molecular orientation on a substrate for <i>c</i>-P3HTs. The various distinct structures observed for <i>c</i>-P3HT indicate the use of polymer topology as a means of nanostructure regulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dfff82c6363f4946a382f52860fe063e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-dfff82c6363f4946a382f52860fe063e2025-08-20T03:16:23ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-06-013012249010.3390/molecules30122490Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the NanostructureTomohisa Watanabe0Masatoshi Maeki1Manabu Tokeshi2Tianle Gao3Feng Li4Takuya Isono5Kenji Tajima6Toshifumi Satoh7Shin-ichiro Sato8Takuya Yamamoto9Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, JapanConjugated polymer nanoparticles (CP NPs) attract attention as nanoscale materials used for a variety of applications. In relation to this, the internal structure of CP NPs is an important factor for their properties, and numerous investigations have been carried out to control their nanomorphology. Here, we report the formation of CP NPs from defect-free cyclic poly(3-hexylthiophene) (<i>c</i>-P3HT) using a microfluidic device, and the effect of polymer topology on their structural and solvatochromic properties was investigated. CP NPs from <i>c</i>-P3HT exhibited reduced particle sizes and hypsochromic shifts in the absorption spectrum when compared to CP NPs obtained from corresponding linear P3HT (<i>l</i>-P3HT). Furthermore, steady responses in the solvatochromism of CP NPs from <i>c</i>-P3HT were observed, while those from <i>l</i>-P3HT displayed molecular weight dependency. These <i>topology effects</i> were caused by the change in the conjugation length, solubility, and crystallinity upon cyclization. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering (GIXS) studies of spin-coated P3HT films further showed a reduced interchain order and a larger proportion of face-on molecular orientation on a substrate for <i>c</i>-P3HTs. The various distinct structures observed for <i>c</i>-P3HT indicate the use of polymer topology as a means of nanostructure regulation.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2490cyclic polymerconjugated polymer nanoparticlessolvatochromismgrazing 30 incidence X-ray scatteringpoly(3-hexylthiophene) |
| spellingShingle | Tomohisa Watanabe Masatoshi Maeki Manabu Tokeshi Tianle Gao Feng Li Takuya Isono Kenji Tajima Toshifumi Satoh Shin-ichiro Sato Takuya Yamamoto Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure Molecules cyclic polymer conjugated polymer nanoparticles solvatochromism grazing 30 incidence X-ray scattering poly(3-hexylthiophene) |
| title | Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure |
| title_full | Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure |
| title_fullStr | Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure |
| title_short | Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films of Defect-Free Cyclic P3HT: Effects of Polymer Topology on the Nanostructure |
| title_sort | conjugated polymer nanoparticles and thin films of defect free cyclic p3ht effects of polymer topology on the nanostructure |
| topic | cyclic polymer conjugated polymer nanoparticles solvatochromism grazing 30 incidence X-ray scattering poly(3-hexylthiophene) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/12/2490 |
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