Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis
The physicochemical properties of atmospheric particles including morphologies and composition are directly related to their sources and formation mechanisms. However, most previous studies have been limited to a few sites and small numbers of particles. In this study, we employed computer-controlle...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024007426 |
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| author | Wenjun Li Jian Gao Yuanguan Gao Hong Li Yizhen Chen Jinying Li Haisheng Li |
| author_facet | Wenjun Li Jian Gao Yuanguan Gao Hong Li Yizhen Chen Jinying Li Haisheng Li |
| author_sort | Wenjun Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The physicochemical properties of atmospheric particles including morphologies and composition are directly related to their sources and formation mechanisms. However, most previous studies have been limited to a few sites and small numbers of particles. In this study, we employed computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) to enhance measurement efficiency and enable long-term observations across multiple sites. To investigate properties and source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures before, during, and after the 2022 Winter Olympic Games (WOG) and Winter Paralympic Games (WPG), ambient particles were passively collected in 15 northern Chinese cities and automatically analyzed by an advanced CCSEM (IntelliSEM EPAS). Variations in particle numbers (PN), size distribution, elemental composition, and sources were comprehensively analyzed. Over one million particles were classified into mineral, carbonaceous, fly ash, sulfur-related, metal-containing, salt, and biological particles using the user-defined classification rules. The results showed that improved air quality was witnessed during the WOG with reduced PN and anthropogenic particles, but deteriorated during the WPG due to increased coarse-mode PN, mineral, and sulfur-related particles. Beijing and Zhangjiakou exhibited lower AQI, PN, and anthropogenic particles, while non-competition cities experienced higher levels of anthropogenic and sulfur-related particles. Notably, Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang showed distinct emission reductions during the WOG, while Baoding and Tangshan demonstrated less effective control with high levels of sulfur-related and anthropogenic Fe-rich particles. This study shows the capability of CCSEM to provide microscopic evidence of particle sources and behaviors, offering valuable insights into the efficacy of control measures during major events. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dff8fe2357f149d6987ef607c1929f8d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj-art-dff8fe2357f149d6987ef607c1929f8d2024-12-19T10:52:06ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202024-12-01194109156Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysisWenjun Li0Jian Gao1Yuanguan Gao2Hong Li3Yizhen Chen4Jinying Li5Haisheng Li6State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Joint Laboratory for Electron Microscopy Analysis of Atmospheric Particles, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Joint Laboratory for Electron Microscopy Analysis of Atmospheric Particles, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Corresponding authors.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Joint Laboratory for Electron Microscopy Analysis of Atmospheric Particles, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Corresponding authors.The physicochemical properties of atmospheric particles including morphologies and composition are directly related to their sources and formation mechanisms. However, most previous studies have been limited to a few sites and small numbers of particles. In this study, we employed computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) to enhance measurement efficiency and enable long-term observations across multiple sites. To investigate properties and source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures before, during, and after the 2022 Winter Olympic Games (WOG) and Winter Paralympic Games (WPG), ambient particles were passively collected in 15 northern Chinese cities and automatically analyzed by an advanced CCSEM (IntelliSEM EPAS). Variations in particle numbers (PN), size distribution, elemental composition, and sources were comprehensively analyzed. Over one million particles were classified into mineral, carbonaceous, fly ash, sulfur-related, metal-containing, salt, and biological particles using the user-defined classification rules. The results showed that improved air quality was witnessed during the WOG with reduced PN and anthropogenic particles, but deteriorated during the WPG due to increased coarse-mode PN, mineral, and sulfur-related particles. Beijing and Zhangjiakou exhibited lower AQI, PN, and anthropogenic particles, while non-competition cities experienced higher levels of anthropogenic and sulfur-related particles. Notably, Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang showed distinct emission reductions during the WOG, while Baoding and Tangshan demonstrated less effective control with high levels of sulfur-related and anthropogenic Fe-rich particles. This study shows the capability of CCSEM to provide microscopic evidence of particle sources and behaviors, offering valuable insights into the efficacy of control measures during major events.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024007426Individual particlePhysicochemical propertyCCSEMSource identificationControl measuresBeijing Winter Olympics |
| spellingShingle | Wenjun Li Jian Gao Yuanguan Gao Hong Li Yizhen Chen Jinying Li Haisheng Li Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis Environment International Individual particle Physicochemical property CCSEM Source identification Control measures Beijing Winter Olympics |
| title | Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis |
| title_full | Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis |
| title_fullStr | Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis |
| title_short | Source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern China during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics: Evidence from microscopic analysis |
| title_sort | source variations of atmospheric particles in response to control measures in northern china during 2022 winter olympics and paralympics evidence from microscopic analysis |
| topic | Individual particle Physicochemical property CCSEM Source identification Control measures Beijing Winter Olympics |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412024007426 |
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