Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications
Nickel (Ni)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have garnered significant attention due to their tunable structural, optical, and electronic properties, making them ideal candidates for various advanced applications. This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the elect...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| author | Muhammad Fawad Nabeel Maqsood Ahmad Nawaz Bilal Islam Malik Daniyal Zaheer Kateřina Skotnicová |
| author_facet | Muhammad Fawad Nabeel Maqsood Ahmad Nawaz Bilal Islam Malik Daniyal Zaheer Kateřina Skotnicová |
| author_sort | Muhammad Fawad |
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| description | Nickel (Ni)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have garnered significant attention due to their tunable structural, optical, and electronic properties, making them ideal candidates for various advanced applications. This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the electrical and electronic properties of pure and Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Ni:ZnO) synthesized via a co-precipitation method with varying Ni concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO, with lattice distortion increasing proportionally to Ni doping. A secondary NiO phase was detected at higher doping levels, indicating the solubility limit of Ni in ZnO. The average crystallite size, calculated using Debye-Scherrer's equation, decreased from 31 nm in pure ZnO to 23 nm in 8% Ni-doped ZnO, confirming doping-induced size reduction. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed a blue shift in the optical bandgap from 3.23 eV for pure ZnO to 3.41 eV for 8% Ni-doped ZnO, attributed to Burstein-Moss effect. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified changes in vibrational modes, with shifts in peaks corresponding to Zn-O and Ni-O bonds, indicating successful Ni incorporation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed uniform particle morphology and elemental composition. Dielectric studies showed that the dielectric constant increased significantly with Ni doping, reaching a maximum value of 69 at 6% doping, while AC conductivity improved with frequency, demonstrating frequency-dependent conductivity due to hopping charge carriers. The findings reveal that Ni doping enhances the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of ZnO, making it suitable for optoelectronics, high-frequency devices, and dielectric materials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dfddfbe5ab8745be897ded9b1efff504 |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-dfddfbe5ab8745be897ded9b1efff5042025-08-20T02:11:26ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-06-012610482410.1016/j.rineng.2025.104824Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic ApplicationsMuhammad Fawad0Nabeel Maqsood1Ahmad Nawaz2Bilal Islam3Malik Daniyal Zaheer4Kateřina Skotnicová5Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Postcode 25120, Peshawar, KPK, PakistanFaculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Laser Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300, Vilnius, Lithuania; Corresponding author.Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, PakistanDepartment of Laser Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanoriu Ave. 231, LT-02300, Vilnius, LithuaniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, LT-51424, LithuaniaFaculty of Materials Science and Technology, VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech RepublicNickel (Ni)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have garnered significant attention due to their tunable structural, optical, and electronic properties, making them ideal candidates for various advanced applications. This study focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the electrical and electronic properties of pure and Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Ni:ZnO) synthesized via a co-precipitation method with varying Ni concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the wurtzite hexagonal structure of ZnO, with lattice distortion increasing proportionally to Ni doping. A secondary NiO phase was detected at higher doping levels, indicating the solubility limit of Ni in ZnO. The average crystallite size, calculated using Debye-Scherrer's equation, decreased from 31 nm in pure ZnO to 23 nm in 8% Ni-doped ZnO, confirming doping-induced size reduction. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed a blue shift in the optical bandgap from 3.23 eV for pure ZnO to 3.41 eV for 8% Ni-doped ZnO, attributed to Burstein-Moss effect. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified changes in vibrational modes, with shifts in peaks corresponding to Zn-O and Ni-O bonds, indicating successful Ni incorporation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed uniform particle morphology and elemental composition. Dielectric studies showed that the dielectric constant increased significantly with Ni doping, reaching a maximum value of 69 at 6% doping, while AC conductivity improved with frequency, demonstrating frequency-dependent conductivity due to hopping charge carriers. The findings reveal that Ni doping enhances the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of ZnO, making it suitable for optoelectronics, high-frequency devices, and dielectric materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025009016Nickel-Doped Zinc Oxide (Ni:ZnO)Nanoparticle CharacterizationCo-Precipitation MethodOptical and Dielectric PropertiesBurstein-Moss Effect |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Fawad Nabeel Maqsood Ahmad Nawaz Bilal Islam Malik Daniyal Zaheer Kateřina Skotnicová Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications Results in Engineering Nickel-Doped Zinc Oxide (Ni:ZnO) Nanoparticle Characterization Co-Precipitation Method Optical and Dielectric Properties Burstein-Moss Effect |
| title | Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications |
| title_full | Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications |
| title_short | Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Ni-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronic Applications |
| title_sort | synthesis characterization and enhanced optical and dielectric properties of pure and ni doped zno nanoparticles for advanced electronic applications |
| topic | Nickel-Doped Zinc Oxide (Ni:ZnO) Nanoparticle Characterization Co-Precipitation Method Optical and Dielectric Properties Burstein-Moss Effect |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025009016 |
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