Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene

Abstract Aiming to generate the overhand knot and analyze its characteristics, a model of co-screw is established and a method is proposed by twisting and connecting two distinct rope segments. The results demonstrate that the co-screw has the feature of winding transfer, while the total angle of co...

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Main Authors: Kaiduan Huang, Weifeng Wei, Zhennan Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03714-0
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author Kaiduan Huang
Weifeng Wei
Zhennan Gao
author_facet Kaiduan Huang
Weifeng Wei
Zhennan Gao
author_sort Kaiduan Huang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Aiming to generate the overhand knot and analyze its characteristics, a model of co-screw is established and a method is proposed by twisting and connecting two distinct rope segments. The results demonstrate that the co-screw has the feature of winding transfer, while the total angle of co-screw remains constant at 360°. The co-screw provides the overhand knot with one-direction interlocking function. The analysis and comparison of the connection types of co-screw endpoints demonstrates that, the co-screw is a common gene among the overhand knot, the Hopf link and the trefoil knot. The research on the characteristics of overhand knot shows that the upper–lower and the inner-outer relationships of the overhand knot have AB rhythms feature. The proposed approach provides a foundation for the development of overhand knot tying equipment.
format Article
id doaj-art-dfdc2f80e4664ef196287ddbac304d79
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-dfdc2f80e4664ef196287ddbac304d792025-08-20T03:37:20ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-03714-0Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as geneKaiduan Huang0Weifeng Wei1Zhennan Gao2School of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of TechnologySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of TechnologySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Shaanxi University of TechnologyAbstract Aiming to generate the overhand knot and analyze its characteristics, a model of co-screw is established and a method is proposed by twisting and connecting two distinct rope segments. The results demonstrate that the co-screw has the feature of winding transfer, while the total angle of co-screw remains constant at 360°. The co-screw provides the overhand knot with one-direction interlocking function. The analysis and comparison of the connection types of co-screw endpoints demonstrates that, the co-screw is a common gene among the overhand knot, the Hopf link and the trefoil knot. The research on the characteristics of overhand knot shows that the upper–lower and the inner-outer relationships of the overhand knot have AB rhythms feature. The proposed approach provides a foundation for the development of overhand knot tying equipment.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03714-0
spellingShingle Kaiduan Huang
Weifeng Wei
Zhennan Gao
Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
Scientific Reports
title Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
title_full Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
title_fullStr Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
title_full_unstemmed Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
title_short Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene
title_sort generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co screw as gene
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03714-0
work_keys_str_mv AT kaiduanhuang generationandcharacteristicsanalysisoftheoverhandknotusingcoscrewasgene
AT weifengwei generationandcharacteristicsanalysisoftheoverhandknotusingcoscrewasgene
AT zhennangao generationandcharacteristicsanalysisoftheoverhandknotusingcoscrewasgene