Generation and characteristics analysis of the overhand knot using co-screw as gene

Abstract Aiming to generate the overhand knot and analyze its characteristics, a model of co-screw is established and a method is proposed by twisting and connecting two distinct rope segments. The results demonstrate that the co-screw has the feature of winding transfer, while the total angle of co...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kaiduan Huang, Weifeng Wei, Zhennan Gao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03714-0
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Summary:Abstract Aiming to generate the overhand knot and analyze its characteristics, a model of co-screw is established and a method is proposed by twisting and connecting two distinct rope segments. The results demonstrate that the co-screw has the feature of winding transfer, while the total angle of co-screw remains constant at 360°. The co-screw provides the overhand knot with one-direction interlocking function. The analysis and comparison of the connection types of co-screw endpoints demonstrates that, the co-screw is a common gene among the overhand knot, the Hopf link and the trefoil knot. The research on the characteristics of overhand knot shows that the upper–lower and the inner-outer relationships of the overhand knot have AB rhythms feature. The proposed approach provides a foundation for the development of overhand knot tying equipment.
ISSN:2045-2322