Molecular investigations on exosome enriched in vitro maturation of bovine cumulus cells: Insights from cumulus cell dynamics
Cumulus cells, derived from granulosa cells, play a vital role in supporting the maturation and development of oocytes. Exosomes are nanoparticles encapsulating bioactive molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and metabolites, which are known to modulate cellular signaling pathways. The...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Director of Academics and Research, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.jvas.in/article/molecular-investigations-on-exosome-enriched-in-vitro-maturation-of-bovine-cumulus-cells-insights-from-cumulus-cell-dynamics |
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| Summary: | Cumulus cells, derived from granulosa cells, play a vital role in supporting the maturation and development of oocytes. Exosomes are nanoparticles encapsulating bioactive molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and metabolites, which are known to modulate cellular signaling pathways. The exosomes present in follicular fluid enhance the maturation of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). In the current study, a total of 292 culture grade COCs collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) using two protocols: Group I (control), with 146 COCs matured at 38.5ºC for 24 h (physiological IVM) and Group II (EXO) with 146 COCs matured under identical conditions but supplemented with 1μL of exosomes per 100 μL of maturation medium. Both groups were incubated in a controlled environment of 5 per cent CO2 and 95 per cent relative humidity. Following maturation, cumulus expansion rates (Grade A 62.10 3.99 vs 50.00 2.24 ) and IVM rates (91.33 1.69 vs 75.93 2.85 ) were noted to be significantly higher (p 0.01) in the exosome supplemented group (Group II) compared to the control (Group I). The relative expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), a key enzyme in cumulus expansion, depicted a significant upregulation of 2-fold (fold change FC 2.10; p 0.05) correlating with enhanced morphological cumulus expansion. Additionally, the expression of caveolin 1 (CAV1), a gap junctional protein, exhibited a 1.4-fold increase (FC 1.41; p 0.05), though not statistically significant. These findings suggest a beneficial role of exosome supplementation during IVM in promoting cumulus cell functionality and developmental competence of bovine oocytes. The study underscores the potential of exosomes as a valuable supplement for improving the success rate of bovine in vitro embryo production. |
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| ISSN: | 0971-0701 2582-0605 |