The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives
The gut microbiota has emerged as a crucial player in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). Recent studies have highlighted the bidirectional interaction between the gut and the heart, often referred to as the gut–heart axis. Dysbiosis, characterized by alterations in microbial comp...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/4/720 |
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| author | Francisco Epelde |
| author_facet | Francisco Epelde |
| author_sort | Francisco Epelde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The gut microbiota has emerged as a crucial player in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). Recent studies have highlighted the bidirectional interaction between the gut and the heart, often referred to as the gut–heart axis. Dysbiosis, characterized by alterations in microbial composition and function, has been linked to systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances, and impaired cardiovascular homeostasis. This review explores the mechanisms through which gut microbiota influences HF, including microbial metabolite production, inflammatory pathways, endothelial dysfunction, hormonal modulation, fluid retention, and sodium absorption. The potential therapeutic implications of microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, and pharmacological interventions are also discussed. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of HF. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causality and the development of personalized microbiota-based interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df65dee709cd406a9db36d569e6c96b2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj-art-df65dee709cd406a9db36d569e6c96b22025-08-20T02:18:00ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442025-04-0161472010.3390/medicina61040720The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future PerspectivesFrancisco Epelde0Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, SpainThe gut microbiota has emerged as a crucial player in cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF). Recent studies have highlighted the bidirectional interaction between the gut and the heart, often referred to as the gut–heart axis. Dysbiosis, characterized by alterations in microbial composition and function, has been linked to systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances, and impaired cardiovascular homeostasis. This review explores the mechanisms through which gut microbiota influences HF, including microbial metabolite production, inflammatory pathways, endothelial dysfunction, hormonal modulation, fluid retention, and sodium absorption. The potential therapeutic implications of microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, and pharmacological interventions are also discussed. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the management of HF. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to establish causality and the development of personalized microbiota-based interventions.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/4/720gut microbiotaheart failuregut–heart axisdysbiosis |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Epelde The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives Medicina gut microbiota heart failure gut–heart axis dysbiosis |
| title | The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives |
| title_full | The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives |
| title_short | The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Insights and Future Perspectives |
| title_sort | role of the gut microbiota in heart failure pathophysiological insights and future perspectives |
| topic | gut microbiota heart failure gut–heart axis dysbiosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/61/4/720 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscoepelde theroleofthegutmicrobiotainheartfailurepathophysiologicalinsightsandfutureperspectives AT franciscoepelde roleofthegutmicrobiotainheartfailurepathophysiologicalinsightsandfutureperspectives |