Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
<i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley is a highly invasive pest threatening global cotton production and numerous cultivated crops. The sterile insect technique (SIT), based on γ-ray irradiation, offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to chemical controls for managing pests. T...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Wanying Dong Yang Lei Chaogang Liu Farman Ullah Jun Huang Zhongshi Zhou Yaobin Lu |
| author_facet | Wanying Dong Yang Lei Chaogang Liu Farman Ullah Jun Huang Zhongshi Zhou Yaobin Lu |
| author_sort | Wanying Dong |
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| description | <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley is a highly invasive pest threatening global cotton production and numerous cultivated crops. The sterile insect technique (SIT), based on γ-ray irradiation, offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to chemical controls for managing pests. This study aimed to determine the optimal developmental stage and radiation dose to induce sterility in <i>P. solenopsis</i>. Male pupae aged 5 days demonstrated the highest tolerance to irradiation among all tested age groups. These 5-day-old male pupae were irradiated with 20, 40, 60, and 100 Gy and mated with unirradiated females, and the effects on mating rate, oviposition stage, egg number, egg hatchability, male adult lifespan, and female sex ratio were assessed. Sterility was effectively induced by 60 Gy in males without compromising their mating competitiveness in the parental (F<sub>0</sub>) generation. Moreover, sterility traits were inherited by descendants, leading to a progressive decline in population size across the F<sub>1</sub> and F<sub>2</sub> generations. Therefore, a 60 Gy dose was identified as optimal for suppressing <i>P. solenopsis</i> in field settings. These findings establish a theoretical foundation for implementing SIT as a regional pest management strategy for <i>P. solenopsis</i>. |
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| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-df61e6af5ffe4866852b9f00d796f9402025-08-20T01:48:45ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-03-0114691210.3390/plants14060912Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)Wanying Dong0Yang Lei1Chaogang Liu2Farman Ullah3Jun Huang4Zhongshi Zhou5Yaobin Lu6State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaInstitute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China<i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley is a highly invasive pest threatening global cotton production and numerous cultivated crops. The sterile insect technique (SIT), based on γ-ray irradiation, offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to chemical controls for managing pests. This study aimed to determine the optimal developmental stage and radiation dose to induce sterility in <i>P. solenopsis</i>. Male pupae aged 5 days demonstrated the highest tolerance to irradiation among all tested age groups. These 5-day-old male pupae were irradiated with 20, 40, 60, and 100 Gy and mated with unirradiated females, and the effects on mating rate, oviposition stage, egg number, egg hatchability, male adult lifespan, and female sex ratio were assessed. Sterility was effectively induced by 60 Gy in males without compromising their mating competitiveness in the parental (F<sub>0</sub>) generation. Moreover, sterility traits were inherited by descendants, leading to a progressive decline in population size across the F<sub>1</sub> and F<sub>2</sub> generations. Therefore, a 60 Gy dose was identified as optimal for suppressing <i>P. solenopsis</i> in field settings. These findings establish a theoretical foundation for implementing SIT as a regional pest management strategy for <i>P. solenopsis</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/912<i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsleysterile insect techniqueγ-rayoptimal doseradiation biologymating competitiveness |
| spellingShingle | Wanying Dong Yang Lei Chaogang Liu Farman Ullah Jun Huang Zhongshi Zhou Yaobin Lu Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Plants <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley sterile insect technique γ-ray optimal dose radiation biology mating competitiveness |
| title | Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| title_full | Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| title_short | Optimal Irradiation Strategy to Induce Male Sterility in Cotton Mealybug, <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) |
| title_sort | optimal irradiation strategy to induce male sterility in cotton mealybug i phenacoccus solenopsis i tinsley hemiptera pseudococcidae |
| topic | <i>Phenacoccus solenopsis</i> Tinsley sterile insect technique γ-ray optimal dose radiation biology mating competitiveness |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/6/912 |
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