Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice
IntroductionOral exposure to microplastics (MPs) is a global health concern. In our previous study, MPs induced glucose intolerance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) under a high-fat diet-induced leaky gut syndrome (LGS). This study aims to evaluate the effects of high concentrations of...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-11-01
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| author | Yuka Hasegawa Takuro Okamura Yuriko Ono Takahiro Ichikawa Yuto Saijo Naoko Nakanishi Ryoichi Sasano Masahide Hamaguchi Hirohisa Takano Hirohisa Takano Michiaki Fukui |
| author_facet | Yuka Hasegawa Takuro Okamura Yuriko Ono Takahiro Ichikawa Yuto Saijo Naoko Nakanishi Ryoichi Sasano Masahide Hamaguchi Hirohisa Takano Hirohisa Takano Michiaki Fukui |
| author_sort | Yuka Hasegawa |
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| description | IntroductionOral exposure to microplastics (MPs) is a global health concern. In our previous study, MPs induced glucose intolerance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) under a high-fat diet-induced leaky gut syndrome (LGS). This study aims to evaluate the effects of high concentrations of MP on lipid metabolism under normal dietary conditions and to assess the changes in the intestinal tract resulting from MP exposure.MethodsC57BL6/J mice were fed a normal diet (ND) without polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) or with PS-MPs (1000 µg/L or 5000 µg/L) for six weeks. Subsequently, intestinal permeability, gut microbiota, and metabolite levels in the serum, feces, and liver were determined.ResultsMice fed the ND showed no increase in intestinal permeability in either group. However, high MPs concentrations led to increased serum lipid levels and exacerbated fatty liver function. Oral exposure to MPs did not affect the number of innate lymphoid cells or short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. However, it increased the number of natural killer cells, altered the gut microbiota, induced inflammation, and modulated the expression of genes related to nutrient transport in the intestine. The severity of intestinal disturbance tended to worsen with dose.DiscussionDespite the absence of LGS, high concentrations of MPs induced dyslipidemia and NAFLD. Oral exposure to MPs triggered intestinal inflammation via natural killer cells, altered the gut microbiota, and modulated nutrient metabolism. Our study highlights the need for environmental measures to reduce oral MPs exposure in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df5f30b9176341c489a2598df3abe01e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-df5f30b9176341c489a2598df3abe01e2024-11-12T06:15:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-11-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.14079361407936Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in miceYuka Hasegawa0Takuro Okamura1Yuriko Ono2Takahiro Ichikawa3Yuto Saijo4Naoko Nakanishi5Ryoichi Sasano6Masahide Hamaguchi7Hirohisa Takano8Hirohisa Takano9Michiaki Fukui10Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanAiSTI Science Co., Ltd., Wakayama, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanGraduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JapanInstitute for International Academic Research, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanIntroductionOral exposure to microplastics (MPs) is a global health concern. In our previous study, MPs induced glucose intolerance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) under a high-fat diet-induced leaky gut syndrome (LGS). This study aims to evaluate the effects of high concentrations of MP on lipid metabolism under normal dietary conditions and to assess the changes in the intestinal tract resulting from MP exposure.MethodsC57BL6/J mice were fed a normal diet (ND) without polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) or with PS-MPs (1000 µg/L or 5000 µg/L) for six weeks. Subsequently, intestinal permeability, gut microbiota, and metabolite levels in the serum, feces, and liver were determined.ResultsMice fed the ND showed no increase in intestinal permeability in either group. However, high MPs concentrations led to increased serum lipid levels and exacerbated fatty liver function. Oral exposure to MPs did not affect the number of innate lymphoid cells or short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. However, it increased the number of natural killer cells, altered the gut microbiota, induced inflammation, and modulated the expression of genes related to nutrient transport in the intestine. The severity of intestinal disturbance tended to worsen with dose.DiscussionDespite the absence of LGS, high concentrations of MPs induced dyslipidemia and NAFLD. Oral exposure to MPs triggered intestinal inflammation via natural killer cells, altered the gut microbiota, and modulated nutrient metabolism. Our study highlights the need for environmental measures to reduce oral MPs exposure in the future.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407936/fulltoxicologyenvironmental sciencemicroplasticsinflammationdysbiosis |
| spellingShingle | Yuka Hasegawa Takuro Okamura Yuriko Ono Takahiro Ichikawa Yuto Saijo Naoko Nakanishi Ryoichi Sasano Masahide Hamaguchi Hirohisa Takano Hirohisa Takano Michiaki Fukui Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice Frontiers in Immunology toxicology environmental science microplastics inflammation dysbiosis |
| title | Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| title_full | Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| title_fullStr | Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| title_short | Oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| title_sort | oral exposure to high concentrations of polystyrene microplastics alters the intestinal environment and metabolic outcomes in mice |
| topic | toxicology environmental science microplastics inflammation dysbiosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407936/full |
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