Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement

Enhancing low-light remote sensing images is crucial for preserving the accuracy and reliability of downstream analyses in a wide range of applications. Although numerous enhancement algorithms have been developed, many fail to effectively address the challenges posed by non-uniform illumination in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaohang Zhao, Liang Huang, Mingxuan Li, Chengshan Han, Ting Nie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/12/2069
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849425427429326848
author Xiaohang Zhao
Liang Huang
Mingxuan Li
Chengshan Han
Ting Nie
author_facet Xiaohang Zhao
Liang Huang
Mingxuan Li
Chengshan Han
Ting Nie
author_sort Xiaohang Zhao
collection DOAJ
description Enhancing low-light remote sensing images is crucial for preserving the accuracy and reliability of downstream analyses in a wide range of applications. Although numerous enhancement algorithms have been developed, many fail to effectively address the challenges posed by non-uniform illumination in low-light scenes. These images often exhibit significant brightness inconsistencies, leading to two primary problems: insufficient enhancement in darker regions and over-enhancement in brighter areas, frequently accompanied by color distortion and visual artifacts. These issues largely stem from the limitations of existing methods, which insufficiently account for non-uniform atmospheric attenuation and local brightness variations in reflectance estimation. To overcome these challenges, we propose a robust enhancement method based on non-uniform illumination compensation and the Atmospheric Scattering Model (ASM). Unlike conventional approaches, our method utilizes ASM to initialize reflectance estimation by adaptively adjusting atmospheric light and transmittance. A weighted graph is then employed to effectively handle local brightness variation. Additionally, a regularization term is introduced to suppress noise, refine reflectance estimation, and maintain balanced brightness enhancement. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark remote sensing datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods, delivering superior enhancement performance and visual quality, even under complex non-uniform low-light conditions.
format Article
id doaj-art-df5b3cea07e04c68a6997fa046989313
institution Kabale University
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-df5b3cea07e04c68a6997fa0469893132025-08-20T03:29:47ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-06-011712206910.3390/rs17122069Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image EnhancementXiaohang Zhao0Liang Huang1Mingxuan Li2Chengshan Han3Ting Nie4Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, ChinaEnhancing low-light remote sensing images is crucial for preserving the accuracy and reliability of downstream analyses in a wide range of applications. Although numerous enhancement algorithms have been developed, many fail to effectively address the challenges posed by non-uniform illumination in low-light scenes. These images often exhibit significant brightness inconsistencies, leading to two primary problems: insufficient enhancement in darker regions and over-enhancement in brighter areas, frequently accompanied by color distortion and visual artifacts. These issues largely stem from the limitations of existing methods, which insufficiently account for non-uniform atmospheric attenuation and local brightness variations in reflectance estimation. To overcome these challenges, we propose a robust enhancement method based on non-uniform illumination compensation and the Atmospheric Scattering Model (ASM). Unlike conventional approaches, our method utilizes ASM to initialize reflectance estimation by adaptively adjusting atmospheric light and transmittance. A weighted graph is then employed to effectively handle local brightness variation. Additionally, a regularization term is introduced to suppress noise, refine reflectance estimation, and maintain balanced brightness enhancement. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark remote sensing datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods, delivering superior enhancement performance and visual quality, even under complex non-uniform low-light conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/12/2069computer visionvariational methodnon-uniform enhancementremote sensing
spellingShingle Xiaohang Zhao
Liang Huang
Mingxuan Li
Chengshan Han
Ting Nie
Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
Remote Sensing
computer vision
variational method
non-uniform enhancement
remote sensing
title Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
title_full Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
title_fullStr Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
title_full_unstemmed Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
title_short Atmospheric Scattering Model and Non-Uniform Illumination Compensation for Low-Light Remote Sensing Image Enhancement
title_sort atmospheric scattering model and non uniform illumination compensation for low light remote sensing image enhancement
topic computer vision
variational method
non-uniform enhancement
remote sensing
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/12/2069
work_keys_str_mv AT xiaohangzhao atmosphericscatteringmodelandnonuniformilluminationcompensationforlowlightremotesensingimageenhancement
AT lianghuang atmosphericscatteringmodelandnonuniformilluminationcompensationforlowlightremotesensingimageenhancement
AT mingxuanli atmosphericscatteringmodelandnonuniformilluminationcompensationforlowlightremotesensingimageenhancement
AT chengshanhan atmosphericscatteringmodelandnonuniformilluminationcompensationforlowlightremotesensingimageenhancement
AT tingnie atmosphericscatteringmodelandnonuniformilluminationcompensationforlowlightremotesensingimageenhancement