Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel
At emergency sites, bacteria in the environment can cause secondary wound infections. Timely treatment of infected wounds can improve the prognosis. In this study, we designed a closed-loop system for real-time wound infection monitoring and electronically controlled drug release, enabling rapid and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/267 |
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| author | Shaopeng Wang Songsong Huang Qian Chen Yanjun Li Liyang Duan Zhi Yu Weixia Li Hui Luo Shuang Li Bin Fan Zetao Chen |
| author_facet | Shaopeng Wang Songsong Huang Qian Chen Yanjun Li Liyang Duan Zhi Yu Weixia Li Hui Luo Shuang Li Bin Fan Zetao Chen |
| author_sort | Shaopeng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | At emergency sites, bacteria in the environment can cause secondary wound infections. Timely treatment of infected wounds can improve the prognosis. In this study, we designed a closed-loop system for real-time wound infection monitoring and electronically controlled drug release, enabling rapid and stable deployment at disaster sites. Multilayer screen-printed electrodes were developed to detect uric acid (UA), pH, and temperature biomarkers. The electrode’s outermost layer was shielded by a zwitterionic conductive hydrogel (Gel) to prevent environmental interference and achieve systematic antibacterial protection through in situ reduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on its surface. For rapid and efficient drug delivery, amikacin (Ami) loaded cationic liposomes (Lipo) embedded in the zwitterionic conductive hydrogel (Gel-Lipo@Ami) were integrated as the core therapeutic carrier. This closed-loop system provides timely infection detection and enables in situ treatment during emergency rescues. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df4ecdf8ee66405dbf489dd04e2b27e2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-df4ecdf8ee66405dbf489dd04e2b27e22025-08-20T02:45:45ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402025-07-0113726710.3390/chemosensors13070267Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive HydrogelShaopeng Wang0Songsong Huang1Qian Chen2Yanjun Li3Liyang Duan4Zhi Yu5Weixia Li6Hui Luo7Shuang Li8Bin Fan9Zetao Chen10School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaMedical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaSchool of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaAt emergency sites, bacteria in the environment can cause secondary wound infections. Timely treatment of infected wounds can improve the prognosis. In this study, we designed a closed-loop system for real-time wound infection monitoring and electronically controlled drug release, enabling rapid and stable deployment at disaster sites. Multilayer screen-printed electrodes were developed to detect uric acid (UA), pH, and temperature biomarkers. The electrode’s outermost layer was shielded by a zwitterionic conductive hydrogel (Gel) to prevent environmental interference and achieve systematic antibacterial protection through in situ reduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on its surface. For rapid and efficient drug delivery, amikacin (Ami) loaded cationic liposomes (Lipo) embedded in the zwitterionic conductive hydrogel (Gel-Lipo@Ami) were integrated as the core therapeutic carrier. This closed-loop system provides timely infection detection and enables in situ treatment during emergency rescues.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/267wound infection monitoringconductive hydrogelelectronically controlled drug releasewearable sensors |
| spellingShingle | Shaopeng Wang Songsong Huang Qian Chen Yanjun Li Liyang Duan Zhi Yu Weixia Li Hui Luo Shuang Li Bin Fan Zetao Chen Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel Chemosensors wound infection monitoring conductive hydrogel electronically controlled drug release wearable sensors |
| title | Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel |
| title_full | Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel |
| title_fullStr | Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel |
| title_short | Emergency Wound Infection Monitoring and Treatment Based on Wearable Electrochemical Detection and Drug Release with Conductive Hydrogel |
| title_sort | emergency wound infection monitoring and treatment based on wearable electrochemical detection and drug release with conductive hydrogel |
| topic | wound infection monitoring conductive hydrogel electronically controlled drug release wearable sensors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/7/267 |
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