A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives
Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) encompass a range of processes from preliminary to advanced stages. Conventional treatments are increasingly inadequate for handling emergent pollutants, particularly organic compounds with carcinogenic potential that pose risks to aquifers. Recent advancements pr...
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MDPI AG
2024-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4117/5/4/138 |
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| author | José Fernandes Paulo J. Ramísio Hélder Puga |
| author_facet | José Fernandes Paulo J. Ramísio Hélder Puga |
| author_sort | José Fernandes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) encompass a range of processes from preliminary to advanced stages. Conventional treatments are increasingly inadequate for handling emergent pollutants, particularly organic compounds with carcinogenic potential that pose risks to aquifers. Recent advancements prioritize integrating Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and adsorbents with conventional methods to effectively retain organic pollutants and enhance mineralization. There is a growing preference for non-chemical or minimally chemical approaches. Innovations such as combining ozone and other biological processes with photo-sono-assisted methods, alongside integrating AOPs with adsorbents, are promising. These approaches leverage catalyst-assisted reactions to optimize oxidation efficiency. This review aims to provide a holistic perspective on WWTP processes, spanning wastewater intake to the production of potable water, highlighting key technologies, operational challenges, and future trends. The focus is on advancing sustainable practices and enhancing treatment efficacy to safeguard water quality and address evolving environmental concerns effectively. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df323469d8774789bc0a158239f3fcc6 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-4117 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Eng |
| spelling | doaj-art-df323469d8774789bc0a158239f3fcc62025-08-20T02:55:52ZengMDPI AGEng2673-41172024-10-01542633266110.3390/eng5040138A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future PerspectivesJosé Fernandes0Paulo J. Ramísio1Hélder Puga2CMEMS-UMinho—Centre for Microelectromechanical Systems, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCTAC—Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalCMEMS-UMinho—Centre for Microelectromechanical Systems, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, PortugalWastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) encompass a range of processes from preliminary to advanced stages. Conventional treatments are increasingly inadequate for handling emergent pollutants, particularly organic compounds with carcinogenic potential that pose risks to aquifers. Recent advancements prioritize integrating Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and adsorbents with conventional methods to effectively retain organic pollutants and enhance mineralization. There is a growing preference for non-chemical or minimally chemical approaches. Innovations such as combining ozone and other biological processes with photo-sono-assisted methods, alongside integrating AOPs with adsorbents, are promising. These approaches leverage catalyst-assisted reactions to optimize oxidation efficiency. This review aims to provide a holistic perspective on WWTP processes, spanning wastewater intake to the production of potable water, highlighting key technologies, operational challenges, and future trends. The focus is on advancing sustainable practices and enhancing treatment efficacy to safeguard water quality and address evolving environmental concerns effectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4117/5/4/138wastewater treatment plantadvanced oxidation processemergent pollutantssono-based processesphoto-based processesadsorption |
| spellingShingle | José Fernandes Paulo J. Ramísio Hélder Puga A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives Eng wastewater treatment plant advanced oxidation process emergent pollutants sono-based processes photo-based processes adsorption |
| title | A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives |
| title_full | A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives |
| title_short | A Comprehensive Review on Various Phases of Wastewater Technologies: Trends and Future Perspectives |
| title_sort | comprehensive review on various phases of wastewater technologies trends and future perspectives |
| topic | wastewater treatment plant advanced oxidation process emergent pollutants sono-based processes photo-based processes adsorption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4117/5/4/138 |
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