Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures
Illitic clays are one of the most important materials used in the ceramic industry. Carbonates support the densification and the sintering of ceramics. Five mixtures of illitic clay with calcite were prepared aiming for the crystallization of anorthite ceramics. The stoichiometric ratio of anorthite...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Štefan Csáki Tibor Kovács Martin Keppert Vojtěch Pommer František Lukáč Michal Knapek Peter Minárik Anton Trník |
| author_facet | Štefan Csáki Tibor Kovács Martin Keppert Vojtěch Pommer František Lukáč Michal Knapek Peter Minárik Anton Trník |
| author_sort | Štefan Csáki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Illitic clays are one of the most important materials used in the ceramic industry. Carbonates support the densification and the sintering of ceramics. Five mixtures of illitic clay with calcite were prepared aiming for the crystallization of anorthite ceramics. The stoichiometric ratio of anorthite crystallization was determined at 21.6 wt.% of calcite content. To reveal the effect of calcite on the crystallization processes, two more mixtures were prepared below the stoichiometric composition (17.6 wt.% and 19.6 wt.%) and two more mixtures above the ideal composition (23.6 wt.% and 25.6 wt.%). X-ray diffraction revealed that gehlenite and Ca-feldspar were formed, which are the intermediate phases in anorthite crystallization. However, due to the low purity of illitic clay and the low firing temperature, no anorthite formation was observed. The influence of calcite content on Young’s modulus was negligible. However, a clear effect on the open porosity was revealed. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj-art-df1e2d98b4c5477d9e051ba73a7112fc2025-08-20T03:58:30ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-06-0115759210.3390/cryst15070592Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing TemperaturesŠtefan Csáki0Tibor Kovács1Martin Keppert2Vojtěch Pommer3František Lukáč4Michal Knapek5Peter Minárik6Anton Trník7Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 01 Nitra, SlovakiaDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 01 Nitra, SlovakiaDepartment of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech RepublicInstitute of Plasma Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Za Slovankou 3, Prague 8, 182 00 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 01 Nitra, SlovakiaIllitic clays are one of the most important materials used in the ceramic industry. Carbonates support the densification and the sintering of ceramics. Five mixtures of illitic clay with calcite were prepared aiming for the crystallization of anorthite ceramics. The stoichiometric ratio of anorthite crystallization was determined at 21.6 wt.% of calcite content. To reveal the effect of calcite on the crystallization processes, two more mixtures were prepared below the stoichiometric composition (17.6 wt.% and 19.6 wt.%) and two more mixtures above the ideal composition (23.6 wt.% and 25.6 wt.%). X-ray diffraction revealed that gehlenite and Ca-feldspar were formed, which are the intermediate phases in anorthite crystallization. However, due to the low purity of illitic clay and the low firing temperature, no anorthite formation was observed. The influence of calcite content on Young’s modulus was negligible. However, a clear effect on the open porosity was revealed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/592Young’s modulusporosityillite/smectiteCaCO<sub>3</sub>firing temperatureanorthite |
| spellingShingle | Štefan Csáki Tibor Kovács Martin Keppert Vojtěch Pommer František Lukáč Michal Knapek Peter Minárik Anton Trník Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures Crystals Young’s modulus porosity illite/smectite CaCO<sub>3</sub> firing temperature anorthite |
| title | Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures |
| title_full | Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures |
| title_fullStr | Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures |
| title_short | Development of Young’s Modulus of Illite/Smectite—CaCO<sub>3</sub> Composites After Various Firing Temperatures |
| title_sort | development of young s modulus of illite smectite caco sub 3 sub composites after various firing temperatures |
| topic | Young’s modulus porosity illite/smectite CaCO<sub>3</sub> firing temperature anorthite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/592 |
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