Bilateral hippocampal infarction and amnesia: A case report
The hippocampus along with other structures of the medial temporal lobe plays an important role in the process of learning and memory consolidation. Bilateral hippocampal lesions lead to persistent anterograde amnesia while unilateral damage results in milder, content-specific forms of amne...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2015/0042-84501500015K.pdf |
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| Summary: | The hippocampus along with other structures of the medial temporal lobe plays
an important role in the process of learning and memory consolidation.
Bilateral hippocampal lesions lead to persistent anterograde amnesia while
unilateral damage results in milder, content-specific forms of amnesia.
Hippocampus may be affected by an acute or chronic pathologic process from a
wide spectrum of neurological disorders. Case report. A 61-year-old female
patient with a long history of hypertension, glucose intolerance,
hypercholesterolemia and depression was hospitalized for acute anterograde
amnesia, which led to repeated excessive drug taking. By further examinations
that included laboratory tests, electroencephalography, Doppler sonography of
intra- and extracranial vessels and neurovisualization methods [multislice
computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain]
bilateral hippocampal ischemia that occurred at different times was detected.
Cognitive and neuropsychological evaluation revealed an isolated severe
damage of episodic memory with the inability of retention of new information
which persisted at the control examination three months later. The assumed
mechanism of occurrence of ischemia in this case could be arterio-arterial
embolism. Conclusion. Although ischemic stroke is one of the most common
neurological diseases, ischemic stroke of the hippocampus is rare, the
isolated bilateral presentation with clinical signs of severe amnestic
syndrome in particular. Timely recognition and modern therapeutic approach
could have a favorable impact on the recovery from severe neurological,
cognitive deficit. It could be suggested that in patients with the clinical
image of acute anterograde amnesia and vascular risk factors the MSCT
examination of the brain with computed tomography perfusion and angiography
is performed immediately upon hospitalization. |
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| ISSN: | 0042-8450 |