Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review

Drug residues have been detected in aquatic environments around the world and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most used classes. Therefore, it is important to verify the physiological effects of these products on exposed non-target organisms such as fish. Through a meta...

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Main Authors: Luiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi, Juliana Ferreira Silva, Manuela Santos Santana, Henrique Aparecido Laureano, Meire Ellen Pereira, Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira, Izonete Cristina Guiloski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Toxicology Reports
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000289
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author Luiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi
Juliana Ferreira Silva
Manuela Santos Santana
Henrique Aparecido Laureano
Meire Ellen Pereira
Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
Izonete Cristina Guiloski
author_facet Luiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi
Juliana Ferreira Silva
Manuela Santos Santana
Henrique Aparecido Laureano
Meire Ellen Pereira
Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
Izonete Cristina Guiloski
author_sort Luiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi
collection DOAJ
description Drug residues have been detected in aquatic environments around the world and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most used classes. Therefore, it is important to verify the physiological effects of these products on exposed non-target organisms such as fish. Through a meta-analytic review, we evaluated the effects of NSAIDs on oxidative stress biomarkers in fish. Overall, Diclofenac was the most frequently tested drug in the systematically selected studies while acute and hydric exposure types were the most prevalent among these studies. The meta-analysis revealed that (1) chronic and subchronic exposures to NSAIDs decreased catalase (CAT) activity, and acute exposure increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity; (2) hydric exposure increased GPx activity; (3) exposure to low concentrations of NSAIDs increased GPx and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; (4) Paracetamol exposure increased GPx and SOD activity and lipid peroxidation levels, but reduced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity; (5) Diclofenac exposure increased GPx activity. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fish are sensitive to NSAIDs exposure presenting significant alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers, especially in the GPx enzyme. This enzyme exhibits strong potential as a biomarker of NSAIDs exposure in fish. Paracetamol stood out as the NSAID that altered the largest number of oxidative stress biomarkers, drawing attention to its risk to fish. In contrast, ibuprofen did not change the biomarkers evaluated. These data demonstrate the important impact of emerging contaminants such as NSAIDs on aquatic organisms and the need for strategies to mitigate these effects.
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spelling doaj-art-df1206e99d8d44429a2c55a184d702e92025-01-22T05:42:28ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002025-06-0114101910Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic reviewLuiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi0Juliana Ferreira Silva1Manuela Santos Santana2Henrique Aparecido Laureano3Meire Ellen Pereira4Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira5Izonete Cristina Guiloski6Instituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, BrazilCentro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, BrazilInstituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Correspondence to: Instituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Av. Munhoz da Rocha, 490, Juvevê, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Drug residues have been detected in aquatic environments around the world and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most used classes. Therefore, it is important to verify the physiological effects of these products on exposed non-target organisms such as fish. Through a meta-analytic review, we evaluated the effects of NSAIDs on oxidative stress biomarkers in fish. Overall, Diclofenac was the most frequently tested drug in the systematically selected studies while acute and hydric exposure types were the most prevalent among these studies. The meta-analysis revealed that (1) chronic and subchronic exposures to NSAIDs decreased catalase (CAT) activity, and acute exposure increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity; (2) hydric exposure increased GPx activity; (3) exposure to low concentrations of NSAIDs increased GPx and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; (4) Paracetamol exposure increased GPx and SOD activity and lipid peroxidation levels, but reduced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity; (5) Diclofenac exposure increased GPx activity. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fish are sensitive to NSAIDs exposure presenting significant alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers, especially in the GPx enzyme. This enzyme exhibits strong potential as a biomarker of NSAIDs exposure in fish. Paracetamol stood out as the NSAID that altered the largest number of oxidative stress biomarkers, drawing attention to its risk to fish. In contrast, ibuprofen did not change the biomarkers evaluated. These data demonstrate the important impact of emerging contaminants such as NSAIDs on aquatic organisms and the need for strategies to mitigate these effects.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000289AcetaminophenAntioxidant systemDiclofenacIbuprofenPharmaceuticalsParacetamol
spellingShingle Luiz Henrique Zaniolo Justi
Juliana Ferreira Silva
Manuela Santos Santana
Henrique Aparecido Laureano
Meire Ellen Pereira
Cláudia Sirlene Oliveira
Izonete Cristina Guiloski
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
Toxicology Reports
Acetaminophen
Antioxidant system
Diclofenac
Ibuprofen
Pharmaceuticals
Paracetamol
title Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
title_full Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
title_fullStr Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
title_full_unstemmed Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
title_short Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish: a meta-analytic review
title_sort non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and oxidative stress biomarkers in fish a meta analytic review
topic Acetaminophen
Antioxidant system
Diclofenac
Ibuprofen
Pharmaceuticals
Paracetamol
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000289
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