Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated vasculopathy is usually diagnosed decades after the clinical diagnosis of NF1. Childhood NF1-associated renal artery vasculopathy or moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy could be clinically silent for a long time. We report a 12-year-old boy who had systemic hy...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Meng-Luen Lee, Tung-Ming Chang, Rei-Cheng Yang, Albert D Yang, Ming Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health 2019-08-01
Series:The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/748
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850025324003196928
author Meng-Luen Lee
Tung-Ming Chang
Rei-Cheng Yang
Albert D Yang
Ming Chen
author_facet Meng-Luen Lee
Tung-Ming Chang
Rei-Cheng Yang
Albert D Yang
Ming Chen
author_sort Meng-Luen Lee
collection DOAJ
description Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated vasculopathy is usually diagnosed decades after the clinical diagnosis of NF1. Childhood NF1-associated renal artery vasculopathy or moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy could be clinically silent for a long time. We report a 12-year-old boy who had systemic hypertension found incidentally at a routine check-up. Physical examination showed caféau- lait spots and strong radial pulses. Abdominal computerized tomography angiography showed severe right ostial renal artery stenosis. Genomic study showed a heterozygous mutation c.5902C > T (p.R1968*) and two heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (NCBI: SNP rs18011052 and rs2905876) of NF1 gene. After endovascular revascularization for renovascular hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis, including percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stent implantation, blood pressure dropped effectively from 205/143 mmHg to 130/90 mmHg. Supine renin level dropped from 87.2 pg/ mL to 47.9 pg/mL. Unfortunately, right hemiplegia, transient visual loss with blind spots (scotomas), and clumsiness of extremities emerged insidiously 3.5 months later. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography showed ischemic infarction involving the watershed area of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, indicating presence of moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy. A dilemma is that a significant decrease of blood pressure after endovascular revascularization for renal artery stenosis may have potentially unmask the moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy in this patient. Vasculopathy could be heralding childhood NF1 in the young patients without full-fledged clinical features. Endovascular revascularization for renal artery stenosis could be a double-edge sword in childhood NF1 presenting with concomitant renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy.
format Article
id doaj-art-dee8078debb34a2090e790ca2579e9f9
institution DOAJ
issn 0041-4301
2791-6421
language English
publishDate 2019-08-01
publisher Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health
record_format Article
series The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
spelling doaj-art-dee8078debb34a2090e790ca2579e9f92025-08-20T03:00:53ZengHacettepe University Institute of Child HealthThe Turkish Journal of Pediatrics0041-43012791-64212019-08-0161410.24953/turkjped.2019.04.026Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathyMeng-Luen LeeTung-Ming Chang0Rei-Cheng Yang1Albert D Yang2Ming ChenDepartment of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua.Department of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua.Departments of Medical Imaging, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-associated vasculopathy is usually diagnosed decades after the clinical diagnosis of NF1. Childhood NF1-associated renal artery vasculopathy or moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy could be clinically silent for a long time. We report a 12-year-old boy who had systemic hypertension found incidentally at a routine check-up. Physical examination showed caféau- lait spots and strong radial pulses. Abdominal computerized tomography angiography showed severe right ostial renal artery stenosis. Genomic study showed a heterozygous mutation c.5902C > T (p.R1968*) and two heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (NCBI: SNP rs18011052 and rs2905876) of NF1 gene. After endovascular revascularization for renovascular hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis, including percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stent implantation, blood pressure dropped effectively from 205/143 mmHg to 130/90 mmHg. Supine renin level dropped from 87.2 pg/ mL to 47.9 pg/mL. Unfortunately, right hemiplegia, transient visual loss with blind spots (scotomas), and clumsiness of extremities emerged insidiously 3.5 months later. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography showed ischemic infarction involving the watershed area of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries, indicating presence of moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy. A dilemma is that a significant decrease of blood pressure after endovascular revascularization for renal artery stenosis may have potentially unmask the moyamoya-like brain vasculopathy in this patient. Vasculopathy could be heralding childhood NF1 in the young patients without full-fledged clinical features. Endovascular revascularization for renal artery stenosis could be a double-edge sword in childhood NF1 presenting with concomitant renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy. https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/748moyamoya syndromeneurofibromatosis type 1percutaneous transluminal renal angioplastystent implantationvasculopathy
spellingShingle Meng-Luen Lee
Tung-Ming Chang
Rei-Cheng Yang
Albert D Yang
Ming Chen
Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
moyamoya syndrome
neurofibromatosis type 1
percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty
stent implantation
vasculopathy
title Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
title_full Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
title_fullStr Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
title_full_unstemmed Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
title_short Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
title_sort systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12 year old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy
topic moyamoya syndrome
neurofibromatosis type 1
percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty
stent implantation
vasculopathy
url https://turkjpediatr.org/article/view/748
work_keys_str_mv AT mengluenlee systemichypertensionfollowedbyinsidiousstrokeina12yearoldboywithchildhoodneurofibromatosistype1presentingwithrenalandcerebralarteryvasculopathy
AT tungmingchang systemichypertensionfollowedbyinsidiousstrokeina12yearoldboywithchildhoodneurofibromatosistype1presentingwithrenalandcerebralarteryvasculopathy
AT reichengyang systemichypertensionfollowedbyinsidiousstrokeina12yearoldboywithchildhoodneurofibromatosistype1presentingwithrenalandcerebralarteryvasculopathy
AT albertdyang systemichypertensionfollowedbyinsidiousstrokeina12yearoldboywithchildhoodneurofibromatosistype1presentingwithrenalandcerebralarteryvasculopathy
AT mingchen systemichypertensionfollowedbyinsidiousstrokeina12yearoldboywithchildhoodneurofibromatosistype1presentingwithrenalandcerebralarteryvasculopathy