Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers

Objectives Studies have demonstrated that it is possible to prevent type 2 diabetes for individuals at high risk, but long-term results in the primary healthcare are limited and high dropout rates have been reported.Design A longitudinal design was used to study changes in participants’ diabetes ris...

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Main Authors: Ingrid Sørdal Følling, Bård Kulseng, Christian Klöckner, Monica Tømmervold Devle
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2022-03-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/3/e054841.full
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author Ingrid Sørdal Følling
Bård Kulseng
Christian Klöckner
Monica Tømmervold Devle
author_facet Ingrid Sørdal Følling
Bård Kulseng
Christian Klöckner
Monica Tømmervold Devle
author_sort Ingrid Sørdal Følling
collection DOAJ
description Objectives Studies have demonstrated that it is possible to prevent type 2 diabetes for individuals at high risk, but long-term results in the primary healthcare are limited and high dropout rates have been reported.Design A longitudinal design was used to study changes in participants’ diabetes risk and anthropometrics from baseline to 60 months follow-up. A cross-sectional design was applied to investigate differences between dropouts and completers of the 60 months follow-up.Setting Healthy Life Centres in the Norwegian primary healthcare.Participants 189 individuals aged >18 years with a Finnish Diabetes Risk Score ≥12 and/or a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 were included and offered to attend Healthy Life Centre programmes for 12 months. Measurements were performed annually up to 60 months after inclusion.Interventions Healthy Life Centres arrange behavioural programmes including physical activity offers and dietary courses as part of the primary healthcare. This study offered individuals to attend Healthy Life Centre programmes and followed them for 60 months.Primary outcome Assess changes in participants’ diabetes risk, cardiovascular measures and anthropometrics from baseline to 60 months.Secondary outcome Investigate characteristics of dropouts compared with completers of 60 months follow-up.Results For participants at 60 months follow-up, diabetes risk and anthropometrics decreased (p<0.001). Out of 65 participants classified as high risk for diabetes at baseline, 27 (42%) changed to being at moderate risk at 60 months follow-up. Remission of diabetes was seen for six of nine participants. Of 189 participants enrolled in the programme, 54 (31%) dropped out at any given point before 60 months follow-up. Dropouts were younger with higher, BMI, weight and waist circumference compared with the completers (p<0.001).Conclusions Having a long-term commitment for participants in primary healthcare interventions could be beneficial for the reduction of diabetes risk and improvement of anthropometrics as shown at the 60 months follow-up.Trial registration number NCT01135901.
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spelling doaj-art-debf3a90839a4e7983fcbb4d4914fc332025-08-20T03:10:58ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552022-03-0112310.1136/bmjopen-2021-054841Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completersIngrid Sørdal Følling0Bård Kulseng1Christian Klöckner2Monica Tømmervold Devle3Centre for Obesity Research (ObeCe), Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, NorwayCentre for Obesity Research (ObeCe), Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, NorwayCentre for Obesity Research (ObeCe), Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, NorwayCentre for Obesity Research (ObeCe), Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, NorwayObjectives Studies have demonstrated that it is possible to prevent type 2 diabetes for individuals at high risk, but long-term results in the primary healthcare are limited and high dropout rates have been reported.Design A longitudinal design was used to study changes in participants’ diabetes risk and anthropometrics from baseline to 60 months follow-up. A cross-sectional design was applied to investigate differences between dropouts and completers of the 60 months follow-up.Setting Healthy Life Centres in the Norwegian primary healthcare.Participants 189 individuals aged >18 years with a Finnish Diabetes Risk Score ≥12 and/or a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 were included and offered to attend Healthy Life Centre programmes for 12 months. Measurements were performed annually up to 60 months after inclusion.Interventions Healthy Life Centres arrange behavioural programmes including physical activity offers and dietary courses as part of the primary healthcare. This study offered individuals to attend Healthy Life Centre programmes and followed them for 60 months.Primary outcome Assess changes in participants’ diabetes risk, cardiovascular measures and anthropometrics from baseline to 60 months.Secondary outcome Investigate characteristics of dropouts compared with completers of 60 months follow-up.Results For participants at 60 months follow-up, diabetes risk and anthropometrics decreased (p<0.001). Out of 65 participants classified as high risk for diabetes at baseline, 27 (42%) changed to being at moderate risk at 60 months follow-up. Remission of diabetes was seen for six of nine participants. Of 189 participants enrolled in the programme, 54 (31%) dropped out at any given point before 60 months follow-up. Dropouts were younger with higher, BMI, weight and waist circumference compared with the completers (p<0.001).Conclusions Having a long-term commitment for participants in primary healthcare interventions could be beneficial for the reduction of diabetes risk and improvement of anthropometrics as shown at the 60 months follow-up.Trial registration number NCT01135901.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/3/e054841.full
spellingShingle Ingrid Sørdal Følling
Bård Kulseng
Christian Klöckner
Monica Tømmervold Devle
Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
BMJ Open
title Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
title_full Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
title_fullStr Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
title_full_unstemmed Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
title_short Preventing type 2 diabetes, overweight and obesity in the Norwegian primary healthcare: a longitudinal design with 60 months follow-up results and a cross-sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
title_sort preventing type 2 diabetes overweight and obesity in the norwegian primary healthcare a longitudinal design with 60 months follow up results and a cross sectional design with comparison of dropouts versus completers
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/3/e054841.full
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