Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions
Abstract Injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into subsea water zones where the in situ temperatures are below the hydrate‐forming temperature of CO2 has been recently proposed to lock CO2 inside the water zones in solid hydrate form. It is a common concern that CO2 may form hydrates during the injection...
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Wiley
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Energy Science & Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1949 |
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| author | Boyun Guo Muhammad‐Towhidul Islam Md‐Nahin Mahmood |
| author_facet | Boyun Guo Muhammad‐Towhidul Islam Md‐Nahin Mahmood |
| author_sort | Boyun Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into subsea water zones where the in situ temperatures are below the hydrate‐forming temperature of CO2 has been recently proposed to lock CO2 inside the water zones in solid hydrate form. It is a common concern that CO2 may form hydrates during the injection period that will reduce well injectivity. CO2 injection into sandstone cores under simulated subsea temperatures of 2°C and 3°C was investigated in this study. Experimental result shows that, at 2°C temperature, flowing CO2 at Darcy velocity 0.033 cm/s begins to form hydrate in the sandstone core at about 3.06 MPa (450 psi), which is much higher than the minimum required pressure of 1.5 MPa (220 psi) for CO2 to form hydrate in static condition. The pressure ratio is 450/220 = 2.05. At 3°C temperature, flowing CO2 at Darcy velocity 0.045 cm/s begins to form hydrate in sandstone core at about 3.67 MPa (540 psi), which is much higher than the minimum required pressure of 1.87 MPa (275 psi) for CO2 to form hydrate in static conditions. The pressure ratio is 540/275 = 1.96. The reason why the required minimum pressure for CO2 to form hydrates in dynamic conditions is about double the required hydrate‐forming pressure in static conditions is not fully understood. It is speculated that the shear rate effect of flowing fluids should slow down the growth of hydrate crystals or break down hydrate films, resulting in delayed formation of bulk CO2 hydrates. More investigations in this area are needed in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de9e7cae36e64e139583d24815a69f24 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2050-0505 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Energy Science & Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-de9e7cae36e64e139583d24815a69f242025-01-06T14:45:33ZengWileyEnergy Science & Engineering2050-05052024-11-0112115266527110.1002/ese3.1949Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditionsBoyun Guo0Muhammad‐Towhidul Islam1Md‐Nahin Mahmood2University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette Louisiana USAUniversity of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette Louisiana USAUniversity of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette Louisiana USAAbstract Injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into subsea water zones where the in situ temperatures are below the hydrate‐forming temperature of CO2 has been recently proposed to lock CO2 inside the water zones in solid hydrate form. It is a common concern that CO2 may form hydrates during the injection period that will reduce well injectivity. CO2 injection into sandstone cores under simulated subsea temperatures of 2°C and 3°C was investigated in this study. Experimental result shows that, at 2°C temperature, flowing CO2 at Darcy velocity 0.033 cm/s begins to form hydrate in the sandstone core at about 3.06 MPa (450 psi), which is much higher than the minimum required pressure of 1.5 MPa (220 psi) for CO2 to form hydrate in static condition. The pressure ratio is 450/220 = 2.05. At 3°C temperature, flowing CO2 at Darcy velocity 0.045 cm/s begins to form hydrate in sandstone core at about 3.67 MPa (540 psi), which is much higher than the minimum required pressure of 1.87 MPa (275 psi) for CO2 to form hydrate in static conditions. The pressure ratio is 540/275 = 1.96. The reason why the required minimum pressure for CO2 to form hydrates in dynamic conditions is about double the required hydrate‐forming pressure in static conditions is not fully understood. It is speculated that the shear rate effect of flowing fluids should slow down the growth of hydrate crystals or break down hydrate films, resulting in delayed formation of bulk CO2 hydrates. More investigations in this area are needed in the future.https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1949CO2dynamic formationhydrateporous mediastoragesubsea |
| spellingShingle | Boyun Guo Muhammad‐Towhidul Islam Md‐Nahin Mahmood Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions Energy Science & Engineering CO2 dynamic formation hydrate porous media storage subsea |
| title | Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| title_full | Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| title_fullStr | Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| title_short | Carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| title_sort | carbon dioxide hydrate formation in porous media under dynamic conditions |
| topic | CO2 dynamic formation hydrate porous media storage subsea |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.1949 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT boyunguo carbondioxidehydrateformationinporousmediaunderdynamicconditions AT muhammadtowhidulislam carbondioxidehydrateformationinporousmediaunderdynamicconditions AT mdnahinmahmood carbondioxidehydrateformationinporousmediaunderdynamicconditions |