Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common RCC subtype, displays significant intratumoral heterogeneity driven by metabolic reprogramming, which complicates our understanding of disease progression and limits treatment efficacy. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive cellular an...

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Main Authors: Yun Wu, Ri-Ting Zhu, Jia-Ru Chen, Xiao-Min Liu, Guo-Liang Huang, Jin-Cheng Zeng, Hong-Bing Yu, Xin Liu, Cui-Fang Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Biomolecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/7/1019
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author Yun Wu
Ri-Ting Zhu
Jia-Ru Chen
Xiao-Min Liu
Guo-Liang Huang
Jin-Cheng Zeng
Hong-Bing Yu
Xin Liu
Cui-Fang Han
author_facet Yun Wu
Ri-Ting Zhu
Jia-Ru Chen
Xiao-Min Liu
Guo-Liang Huang
Jin-Cheng Zeng
Hong-Bing Yu
Xin Liu
Cui-Fang Han
author_sort Yun Wu
collection DOAJ
description Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common RCC subtype, displays significant intratumoral heterogeneity driven by metabolic reprogramming, which complicates our understanding of disease progression and limits treatment efficacy. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive cellular and transcriptional landscape of ccRCC, with emphasis on gene expression dynamics during malignant progression. An integrated analysis of 90 scRNA-seq samples comprising 534,227 cells revealed a progressive downregulation of sodium ion transport-related genes, particularly CHP1 (calcineurin B homologous protein isoform 1), which is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. Reduced CHP1 expression was confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels using bulk RNA-seq, CPTAC proteomics, immunohistochemistry, and ccRCC cell lines. Survival analysis showed that high CHP1 expression correlated with improved prognosis. Functional analyses, including pseudotime trajectory, Mfuzz clustering, and cell–cell communication modeling, indicated that CHP1<sup>+</sup> epithelial cells engage in immune interaction via PPIA–BSG signaling. Transcriptomic profiling and molecular docking suggested that CHP1 modulates amino acid transport through SLC38A1. ZNF460 was identified as a potential transcription factor of CHP1. Virtual screening identified arbutin and imatinib mesylate as candidate CHP1-targeting compounds. These findings establish CHP1 downregulation as a novel molecular feature of ccRCC progression and support its utility as a prognostic biomarker.
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spelling doaj-art-de9cd305b1834c91925802888b8231f42025-08-20T03:08:05ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-07-01157101910.3390/biom15071019Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics AnalysesYun Wu0Ri-Ting Zhu1Jia-Ru Chen2Xiao-Min Liu3Guo-Liang Huang4Jin-Cheng Zeng5Hong-Bing Yu6Xin Liu7Cui-Fang Han8Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaDongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, ChinaClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common RCC subtype, displays significant intratumoral heterogeneity driven by metabolic reprogramming, which complicates our understanding of disease progression and limits treatment efficacy. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive cellular and transcriptional landscape of ccRCC, with emphasis on gene expression dynamics during malignant progression. An integrated analysis of 90 scRNA-seq samples comprising 534,227 cells revealed a progressive downregulation of sodium ion transport-related genes, particularly CHP1 (calcineurin B homologous protein isoform 1), which is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. Reduced CHP1 expression was confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels using bulk RNA-seq, CPTAC proteomics, immunohistochemistry, and ccRCC cell lines. Survival analysis showed that high CHP1 expression correlated with improved prognosis. Functional analyses, including pseudotime trajectory, Mfuzz clustering, and cell–cell communication modeling, indicated that CHP1<sup>+</sup> epithelial cells engage in immune interaction via PPIA–BSG signaling. Transcriptomic profiling and molecular docking suggested that CHP1 modulates amino acid transport through SLC38A1. ZNF460 was identified as a potential transcription factor of CHP1. Virtual screening identified arbutin and imatinib mesylate as candidate CHP1-targeting compounds. These findings establish CHP1 downregulation as a novel molecular feature of ccRCC progression and support its utility as a prognostic biomarker.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/7/1019clear cell renal cell carcinomacalcineurin B homologous protein isoform 1single-cell RNA sequencingtumor microenvironmentsodium transportprognostic biomarker
spellingShingle Yun Wu
Ri-Ting Zhu
Jia-Ru Chen
Xiao-Min Liu
Guo-Liang Huang
Jin-Cheng Zeng
Hong-Bing Yu
Xin Liu
Cui-Fang Han
Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
Biomolecules
clear cell renal cell carcinoma
calcineurin B homologous protein isoform 1
single-cell RNA sequencing
tumor microenvironment
sodium transport
prognostic biomarker
title Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
title_full Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
title_fullStr Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
title_full_unstemmed Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
title_short Targeting Sodium Transport Reveals CHP1 Downregulation as a Novel Molecular Feature of Malignant Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Integrated Multi-Omics Analyses
title_sort targeting sodium transport reveals chp1 downregulation as a novel molecular feature of malignant progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma insights from integrated multi omics analyses
topic clear cell renal cell carcinoma
calcineurin B homologous protein isoform 1
single-cell RNA sequencing
tumor microenvironment
sodium transport
prognostic biomarker
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/7/1019
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