Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock
ABSTRACT Natural phosphate rocks (PR) are characterized by low phosphorus (P) solubility in water. Acidulation is the normal method to raise P solubility of these materials, however, it increases the cost and causes operational issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency o...
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Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
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| author | Vinicius de Melo Benites Sulian Junkes Dal Molin Cassio Sitta Ernesto Sitta Neto Carla Nascimento Jéssica Franciele Kaminski Ramos Philip A. Moore Jr. |
| author_facet | Vinicius de Melo Benites Sulian Junkes Dal Molin Cassio Sitta Ernesto Sitta Neto Carla Nascimento Jéssica Franciele Kaminski Ramos Philip A. Moore Jr. |
| author_sort | Vinicius de Melo Benites |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Natural phosphate rocks (PR) are characterized by low phosphorus (P) solubility in water. Acidulation is the normal method to raise P solubility of these materials, however, it increases the cost and causes operational issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and micro-granulated Arraias phosphate rock, which has a lower P content (6.88 %) than normal apatite concentrates. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse at the University of Rio Verde, Goiás State, in which corn was grown in pots with two kg of red clayey Oxisol (Latossolo). Treatments for the first experiment were the natural Arraias phosphate rock; triple superphosphate (TSP); and three partially acidulated phosphate rock (PAPR) with 5, 10 and 15 % of H2SO4 relative to PR mass. Phosphorus diffusion from each fertilizer source was evaluated using Petri dishes filled with soil, with diffusion assessed at 1, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days after preparation. For the second experiment, treatments were 15 % PAPR granulated to average sizes of 0.25, 0.75, 1.50, and 2.4 mm. The agronomic efficiency of all variations of the PR was lower than the TSP. The 15 % PAPR treatment resulted in the highest corn dry mass yield among partially acidulated PR. The phosphorus diffusion radius was greatest with TSP, while diffusion from unacidulated Arraias rock phosphate was undetectable. Diffusion from acidified phosphate rocks increased with higher acidification rates. Granule size affected P absorption and, consequently, the agronomic efficiency of PAPR, but did not significantly influence its overall efficiency. Under the conditions of this study, partially acidulated and granulated phosphate rock was not an effective alternative to TSP. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de8f32e9d6e6480a92becef1422b0ee1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1806-9657 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo |
| spelling | doaj-art-de8f32e9d6e6480a92becef1422b0ee12025-08-20T03:31:23ZengSociedade Brasileira de Ciência do SoloRevista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo1806-96572025-06-0149spe110.36783/18069657rbcs20240154Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rockVinicius de Melo Beniteshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2602-0750Sulian Junkes Dal Molinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-8522Cassio Sittahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-8633Ernesto Sitta Netohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6002-5184Carla Nascimentohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-0920Jéssica Franciele Kaminski Ramoshttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-9484-1355Philip A. Moore Jr.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-6095ABSTRACT Natural phosphate rocks (PR) are characterized by low phosphorus (P) solubility in water. Acidulation is the normal method to raise P solubility of these materials, however, it increases the cost and causes operational issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and micro-granulated Arraias phosphate rock, which has a lower P content (6.88 %) than normal apatite concentrates. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse at the University of Rio Verde, Goiás State, in which corn was grown in pots with two kg of red clayey Oxisol (Latossolo). Treatments for the first experiment were the natural Arraias phosphate rock; triple superphosphate (TSP); and three partially acidulated phosphate rock (PAPR) with 5, 10 and 15 % of H2SO4 relative to PR mass. Phosphorus diffusion from each fertilizer source was evaluated using Petri dishes filled with soil, with diffusion assessed at 1, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days after preparation. For the second experiment, treatments were 15 % PAPR granulated to average sizes of 0.25, 0.75, 1.50, and 2.4 mm. The agronomic efficiency of all variations of the PR was lower than the TSP. The 15 % PAPR treatment resulted in the highest corn dry mass yield among partially acidulated PR. The phosphorus diffusion radius was greatest with TSP, while diffusion from unacidulated Arraias rock phosphate was undetectable. Diffusion from acidified phosphate rocks increased with higher acidification rates. Granule size affected P absorption and, consequently, the agronomic efficiency of PAPR, but did not significantly influence its overall efficiency. Under the conditions of this study, partially acidulated and granulated phosphate rock was not an effective alternative to TSP.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832025000200904&lng=en&tlng=enphosphatepartial acidulationgranulationagronomic efficiencygreenhouse experiment |
| spellingShingle | Vinicius de Melo Benites Sulian Junkes Dal Molin Cassio Sitta Ernesto Sitta Neto Carla Nascimento Jéssica Franciele Kaminski Ramos Philip A. Moore Jr. Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo phosphate partial acidulation granulation agronomic efficiency greenhouse experiment |
| title | Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock |
| title_full | Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock |
| title_fullStr | Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock |
| title_short | Agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated Arraias phosphate rock |
| title_sort | agronomic efficiency of partially acidulated and granulated arraias phosphate rock |
| topic | phosphate partial acidulation granulation agronomic efficiency greenhouse experiment |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832025000200904&lng=en&tlng=en |
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