Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout
On-chip magnetic field sensing with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond requires scalable integration of 3D waveguides into diamond substrates. Here, we develop a sensing array device with an ensemble of shallow implanted NV centers integrated with arrays of laser-written waveguides for excitat...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AIP Publishing LLC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | APL Photonics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0231203 |
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| author | Sajedeh Shahbazi Giulio Coccia Argyro N. Giakoumaki Johannes Lang Vibhav Bharadwaj Fedor Jelezko Roberta Ramponi Anthony J. Bennett John P. Hadden Shane M. Eaton Alexander Kubanek |
| author_facet | Sajedeh Shahbazi Giulio Coccia Argyro N. Giakoumaki Johannes Lang Vibhav Bharadwaj Fedor Jelezko Roberta Ramponi Anthony J. Bennett John P. Hadden Shane M. Eaton Alexander Kubanek |
| author_sort | Sajedeh Shahbazi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | On-chip magnetic field sensing with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond requires scalable integration of 3D waveguides into diamond substrates. Here, we develop a sensing array device with an ensemble of shallow implanted NV centers integrated with arrays of laser-written waveguides for excitation and readout of NV signals. Our approach enables an easy-to-operate on-chip magnetometer with a pixel size proportional to the Gaussian mode area of each waveguide. The performed continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance on each waveguide gives an average dc-sensitivity value of (195±3) nT/Hz, which can be improved with lock-in-detection or pulsed-microwave sequences. We apply a magnetic field to separate the four NV crystallographic orientations of the magnetic resonance and then utilize a DC current through a straight wire antenna close to the waveguide to prove the sensor capabilities of our device. We reconstruct the complete vector magnetic field in the NV crystal frame using three different NV crystallographic orientations. By knowing the polarization axis of the waveguide mode, we project the magnetic field vector into the lab frame. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de6b1ce96b704b779d064e2900ca3ac8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2378-0967 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | APL Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-de6b1ce96b704b779d064e2900ca3ac82025-08-20T03:15:57ZengAIP Publishing LLCAPL Photonics2378-09672025-02-01102021301021301-810.1063/5.0231203Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readoutSajedeh Shahbazi0Giulio Coccia1Argyro N. Giakoumaki2Johannes Lang3Vibhav Bharadwaj4Fedor Jelezko5Roberta Ramponi6Anthony J. Bennett7John P. Hadden8Shane M. Eaton9Alexander Kubanek10Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN) - CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano 20133, ItalyInstitute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN) - CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano 20133, ItalyInstitute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, GermanyInstitute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN) - CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano 20133, ItalySchool of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen’s Building, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United KingdomSchool of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen’s Building, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United KingdomInstitute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN) - CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano 20133, ItalyInstitute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, GermanyOn-chip magnetic field sensing with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond requires scalable integration of 3D waveguides into diamond substrates. Here, we develop a sensing array device with an ensemble of shallow implanted NV centers integrated with arrays of laser-written waveguides for excitation and readout of NV signals. Our approach enables an easy-to-operate on-chip magnetometer with a pixel size proportional to the Gaussian mode area of each waveguide. The performed continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance on each waveguide gives an average dc-sensitivity value of (195±3) nT/Hz, which can be improved with lock-in-detection or pulsed-microwave sequences. We apply a magnetic field to separate the four NV crystallographic orientations of the magnetic resonance and then utilize a DC current through a straight wire antenna close to the waveguide to prove the sensor capabilities of our device. We reconstruct the complete vector magnetic field in the NV crystal frame using three different NV crystallographic orientations. By knowing the polarization axis of the waveguide mode, we project the magnetic field vector into the lab frame.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0231203 |
| spellingShingle | Sajedeh Shahbazi Giulio Coccia Argyro N. Giakoumaki Johannes Lang Vibhav Bharadwaj Fedor Jelezko Roberta Ramponi Anthony J. Bennett John P. Hadden Shane M. Eaton Alexander Kubanek Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout APL Photonics |
| title | Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| title_full | Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| title_fullStr | Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| title_short | Vector magnetometry using shallow implanted NV centers in diamond with waveguide-assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| title_sort | vector magnetometry using shallow implanted nv centers in diamond with waveguide assisted dipole excitation and readout |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0231203 |
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