Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies

Lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), an immune checkpoint receptor, negatively regulates T-cell function and facilitates immune escape of tumors. Dual inhibition of LAG-3 and programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic melanoma patien...

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Main Authors: Tuba N. Gide, Elizabeth C. Paver, Zarwa Yaseen, Nigel Maher, Nurudeen Adegoke, Alexander M. Menzies, Ines Pires da Silva, James S. Wilmott, Georgina V. Long, Richard A. Scolyer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2023-12-01
Series:OncoImmunology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2261248
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author Tuba N. Gide
Elizabeth C. Paver
Zarwa Yaseen
Nigel Maher
Nurudeen Adegoke
Alexander M. Menzies
Ines Pires da Silva
James S. Wilmott
Georgina V. Long
Richard A. Scolyer
author_facet Tuba N. Gide
Elizabeth C. Paver
Zarwa Yaseen
Nigel Maher
Nurudeen Adegoke
Alexander M. Menzies
Ines Pires da Silva
James S. Wilmott
Georgina V. Long
Richard A. Scolyer
author_sort Tuba N. Gide
collection DOAJ
description Lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), an immune checkpoint receptor, negatively regulates T-cell function and facilitates immune escape of tumors. Dual inhibition of LAG-3 and programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic melanoma patients compared to anti-PD-1 therapy alone. Investigating the utility of LAG-3 expression as a biomarker of response to anti-LAG-3 + anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is of great clinical relevance. This study sought to evaluate the association between baseline LAG-3 expression and clinical outcomes following anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. LAG-3 immunohistochemistry (clone D2G4O) was performed on pre-treatment formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded metastatic melanoma specimens from 53 patients treated with combination anti-LAG-3 + anti-PD-1-based therapies. Eleven patients had received prior anti-PD-1-based treatment. Patients were categorized as responders (complete/partial response; n = 36) or non-responders (stable/progressive disease; n = 17) based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were scored on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. LAG-3 expression was observed in 81% of patients, with staining in TILs and dendritic cells. Responders displayed significantly higher proportions of LAG-3+ cells compared to non-responders (P = .0210). LAG-3 expression positively correlated with TIL score (P < .01). There were no significant differences in LAG-3 expression between different sites of metastases (P > .05). Patients with ≥ 1% LAG-3+ cells in their tumors had significantly longer PFS compared to patients with < 1% LAG-3 expression (P = .0037). No significant difference was observed in overall survival between the two groups (P = .1417). Therefore, the assessment of LAG-3 expression via IHC warrants further evaluation to determine its role as a predictive marker of response and survival in metastatic melanoma.
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spelling doaj-art-de51474a80d24f65bee9d63be6c7447f2025-08-20T02:57:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupOncoImmunology2162-402X2023-12-0112110.1080/2162402X.2023.2261248Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapiesTuba N. Gide0Elizabeth C. Paver1Zarwa Yaseen2Nigel Maher3Nurudeen Adegoke4Alexander M. Menzies5Ines Pires da Silva6James S. Wilmott7Georgina V. Long8Richard A. Scolyer9Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaMelanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaLymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3), an immune checkpoint receptor, negatively regulates T-cell function and facilitates immune escape of tumors. Dual inhibition of LAG-3 and programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic melanoma patients compared to anti-PD-1 therapy alone. Investigating the utility of LAG-3 expression as a biomarker of response to anti-LAG-3 + anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is of great clinical relevance. This study sought to evaluate the association between baseline LAG-3 expression and clinical outcomes following anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma. LAG-3 immunohistochemistry (clone D2G4O) was performed on pre-treatment formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded metastatic melanoma specimens from 53 patients treated with combination anti-LAG-3 + anti-PD-1-based therapies. Eleven patients had received prior anti-PD-1-based treatment. Patients were categorized as responders (complete/partial response; n = 36) or non-responders (stable/progressive disease; n = 17) based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were scored on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. LAG-3 expression was observed in 81% of patients, with staining in TILs and dendritic cells. Responders displayed significantly higher proportions of LAG-3+ cells compared to non-responders (P = .0210). LAG-3 expression positively correlated with TIL score (P < .01). There were no significant differences in LAG-3 expression between different sites of metastases (P > .05). Patients with ≥ 1% LAG-3+ cells in their tumors had significantly longer PFS compared to patients with < 1% LAG-3 expression (P = .0037). No significant difference was observed in overall survival between the two groups (P = .1417). Therefore, the assessment of LAG-3 expression via IHC warrants further evaluation to determine its role as a predictive marker of response and survival in metastatic melanoma.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2261248LAG-3biomarkerimmune checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapymelanoma
spellingShingle Tuba N. Gide
Elizabeth C. Paver
Zarwa Yaseen
Nigel Maher
Nurudeen Adegoke
Alexander M. Menzies
Ines Pires da Silva
James S. Wilmott
Georgina V. Long
Richard A. Scolyer
Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
OncoImmunology
LAG-3
biomarker
immune checkpoint inhibitors
immunotherapy
melanoma
title Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
title_full Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
title_fullStr Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
title_full_unstemmed Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
title_short Lag-3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti-lag-3 + anti-PD-1-based immunotherapies
title_sort lag 3 expression and clinical outcomes in metastatic melanoma patients treated with combination anti lag 3 anti pd 1 based immunotherapies
topic LAG-3
biomarker
immune checkpoint inhibitors
immunotherapy
melanoma
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/2162402X.2023.2261248
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