Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film

Abstract Crystalline strain is typically considered as an effective approach to engineer low-dimensional antiferromagnets. However, a direct visualization of strained-tailored noncollinear spin textures in antiferromagnetic atomic layers has so far not been achieved. Here, we uncover a strain-induce...

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Main Authors: Chia-Ju Chen, Tim Drevelow, Yu-Tung Lin, Yi-Pin Chen, Tzu-Yen Cheng, Yen-Hui Lin, Stefan Heinze, Pin-Jui Hsu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62465-8
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author Chia-Ju Chen
Tim Drevelow
Yu-Tung Lin
Yi-Pin Chen
Tzu-Yen Cheng
Yen-Hui Lin
Stefan Heinze
Pin-Jui Hsu
author_facet Chia-Ju Chen
Tim Drevelow
Yu-Tung Lin
Yi-Pin Chen
Tzu-Yen Cheng
Yen-Hui Lin
Stefan Heinze
Pin-Jui Hsu
author_sort Chia-Ju Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Crystalline strain is typically considered as an effective approach to engineer low-dimensional antiferromagnets. However, a direct visualization of strained-tailored noncollinear spin textures in antiferromagnetic atomic layers has so far not been achieved. Here, we uncover a strain-induced transition from a three-dimensional noncollinear spin state in pseudomorphic Mn bilayer to a cycloidal spin spiral with a canted rotation plane in reconstructed Mn bilayer on the Ag(111) surface. These spin states are spatially imaged on the atomic scale by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy revealing the correlation of atomic and magnetic structures. As demonstrated via first-principles electronic structure theory, the three-dimensional noncollinear spin state arises from the superposition of spin spiral and antiferromagnetic order due to higher-order exchange interactions. In reconstructed Mn bilayer, by contrast, the antiferromagnetic order is hindered by interlayer exchange coupling resulting in a pure spin spiral state. Our work highlights the complex interplay of atomic structure, intra- and interlayer exchange, as well as higher-order exchange interactions at antiferromagnetically coupled interfaces.
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institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
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publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-de348e1dc96a497e89c9567466fbac8d2025-08-20T03:05:10ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-08-0116111110.1038/s41467-025-62465-8Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin filmChia-Ju Chen0Tim Drevelow1Yu-Tung Lin2Yi-Pin Chen3Tzu-Yen Cheng4Yen-Hui Lin5Stefan Heinze6Pin-Jui Hsu7Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityInstitute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of KielDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityInstitute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, University of KielDepartment of Physics, National Tsing Hua UniversityAbstract Crystalline strain is typically considered as an effective approach to engineer low-dimensional antiferromagnets. However, a direct visualization of strained-tailored noncollinear spin textures in antiferromagnetic atomic layers has so far not been achieved. Here, we uncover a strain-induced transition from a three-dimensional noncollinear spin state in pseudomorphic Mn bilayer to a cycloidal spin spiral with a canted rotation plane in reconstructed Mn bilayer on the Ag(111) surface. These spin states are spatially imaged on the atomic scale by spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy revealing the correlation of atomic and magnetic structures. As demonstrated via first-principles electronic structure theory, the three-dimensional noncollinear spin state arises from the superposition of spin spiral and antiferromagnetic order due to higher-order exchange interactions. In reconstructed Mn bilayer, by contrast, the antiferromagnetic order is hindered by interlayer exchange coupling resulting in a pure spin spiral state. Our work highlights the complex interplay of atomic structure, intra- and interlayer exchange, as well as higher-order exchange interactions at antiferromagnetically coupled interfaces.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62465-8
spellingShingle Chia-Ju Chen
Tim Drevelow
Yu-Tung Lin
Yi-Pin Chen
Tzu-Yen Cheng
Yen-Hui Lin
Stefan Heinze
Pin-Jui Hsu
Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
Nature Communications
title Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
title_full Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
title_fullStr Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
title_full_unstemmed Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
title_short Atomic-scale visualization of strain-tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
title_sort atomic scale visualization of strain tailored noncollinear spin textures in an antiferromagnetic ultrathin film
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62465-8
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