An anterior mediastinal cystic lesion pathologically confirmed as a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst after thoracoscopic resection: a rare case report and literature review

An anterior mediastinal cystic lesion pathologically confirmed as a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst after thoracoscopic resection: a rare case report and literature review

BackgroundMediastinal lesions have diverse etiologies, with thymoma, cystic teratoma, and lymphoma being relatively prevalent. In contrast, a pancreatic pseudocyst within the mediastinum is exceedingly rare and can often be mistaken for a thymic cyst or teratoma.Case presentationA 17-year-old female...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kui Zhai, Xingpeng Miao, Guiling Xue, Zhanyu Yuan, Mao Jia, Mingyan Chen, Renzhong Zha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Pediatrics
Subjects:
anterior mediastinal cystic mass
pancreatic pseudocyst
mediastinal pancreatic lesion
CT
x-ray
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1613764/full
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Summary:BackgroundMediastinal lesions have diverse etiologies, with thymoma, cystic teratoma, and lymphoma being relatively prevalent. In contrast, a pancreatic pseudocyst within the mediastinum is exceedingly rare and can often be mistaken for a thymic cyst or teratoma.Case presentationA 17-year-old female presented with a cough and sputum production. Chest CT revealed an anterior mediastinal mass, initially raising the suspicion of a thymic cyst. Thoracoscopic exploration and resection revealed a cystic lesion with a thick wall and brownish fluid. Both frozen section and final histopathological analysis confirmed a mediastinal cyst. Immunohistochemical markers (SYN positive, CK7 positive) led to a diagnosis of mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst. The patient experienced significant recovery post-surgery, with a marked improvement in symptoms.ConclusionThis case highlights the importance of including mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst in the differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal cystic lesions. A thorough clinical and radiological assessment, along with surgical pathology and immunohistochemical profiling, is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
ISSN:2296-2360

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