Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism
Abstract During citrus fruit development, exogenous gibberellin (GA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, a synthetic cytokinin (CTK)) are both known to promote citrus peel thickness; however, the differences in their regulatory mechanisms on cell wall metabolism in citrus peels remain unclear. In this st...
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2025-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06705-5 |
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| author | Xun Wang Yuping Wang Defa Cao Panpan Gao Mingfei Zhang Jiaxian He Bo Xiong Ling Liao Guochao Sun Siya He QiangFeng Wang ZhongMei Xia Zhihui Wang |
| author_facet | Xun Wang Yuping Wang Defa Cao Panpan Gao Mingfei Zhang Jiaxian He Bo Xiong Ling Liao Guochao Sun Siya He QiangFeng Wang ZhongMei Xia Zhihui Wang |
| author_sort | Xun Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract During citrus fruit development, exogenous gibberellin (GA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, a synthetic cytokinin (CTK)) are both known to promote citrus peel thickness; however, the differences in their regulatory mechanisms on cell wall metabolism in citrus peels remain unclear. In this study, we found that GA treatment significantly increased cell wall polysaccharides in citrus peels, such as pectin and cellulose, whereas 6-BA treatment led to a notable accumulation of lignin. RNA-sequencing data revealed that several fruit ripening-related cell wall degradation genes, such as PME3, PL18, and EXPA1/8, exhibited decreased expression levels in both GA and 6-BA treatments. Additionally, a set of cell wall polysaccharide synthesis genes was upregulated in response to GA treatment but was largely downregulated in 6-BA-treated peels. Conversely, a group of lignin biosynthesis genes was upregulated in 6-BA-treated peels. GA treatment inhibited DELLA proteins (encoded by RGA and GAI) in the GA signaling pathway, whereas 6-BA treatment increased the expression of B-ARRs (ARR1 and ARR2) in the CTK signaling pathway. Furthermore, GA treatment elevated endogenous CTK levels, while 6-BA treatment also enhanced endogenous GA content, suggesting a reciprocal interaction between these two hormonal pathways. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de15f0d48af74f62a7dcc3e6676f603a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-de15f0d48af74f62a7dcc3e6676f603a2025-08-20T02:05:45ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-06-0125111110.1186/s12870-025-06705-5Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolismXun Wang0Yuping Wang1Defa Cao2Panpan Gao3Mingfei Zhang4Jiaxian He5Bo Xiong6Ling Liao7Guochao Sun8Siya He9QiangFeng Wang10ZhongMei Xia11Zhihui Wang12College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesInstitute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesCollege of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAbstract During citrus fruit development, exogenous gibberellin (GA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, a synthetic cytokinin (CTK)) are both known to promote citrus peel thickness; however, the differences in their regulatory mechanisms on cell wall metabolism in citrus peels remain unclear. In this study, we found that GA treatment significantly increased cell wall polysaccharides in citrus peels, such as pectin and cellulose, whereas 6-BA treatment led to a notable accumulation of lignin. RNA-sequencing data revealed that several fruit ripening-related cell wall degradation genes, such as PME3, PL18, and EXPA1/8, exhibited decreased expression levels in both GA and 6-BA treatments. Additionally, a set of cell wall polysaccharide synthesis genes was upregulated in response to GA treatment but was largely downregulated in 6-BA-treated peels. Conversely, a group of lignin biosynthesis genes was upregulated in 6-BA-treated peels. GA treatment inhibited DELLA proteins (encoded by RGA and GAI) in the GA signaling pathway, whereas 6-BA treatment increased the expression of B-ARRs (ARR1 and ARR2) in the CTK signaling pathway. Furthermore, GA treatment elevated endogenous CTK levels, while 6-BA treatment also enhanced endogenous GA content, suggesting a reciprocal interaction between these two hormonal pathways.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06705-5Citrus peelsCell wallGibberellinCytokininDELLAsB-ARRs |
| spellingShingle | Xun Wang Yuping Wang Defa Cao Panpan Gao Mingfei Zhang Jiaxian He Bo Xiong Ling Liao Guochao Sun Siya He QiangFeng Wang ZhongMei Xia Zhihui Wang Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism BMC Plant Biology Citrus peels Cell wall Gibberellin Cytokinin DELLAs B-ARRs |
| title | Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| title_full | Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| title_fullStr | Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| title_short | Regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| title_sort | regulatory effects of gibberellin and cytokinin on citrus peel cell wall metabolism |
| topic | Citrus peels Cell wall Gibberellin Cytokinin DELLAs B-ARRs |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06705-5 |
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