Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that features a dual-level fault tolerance mechanism at both the workcell and system levels to enhance reliability. The workcell controller was implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Reconfigurable duplication w...

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Main Authors: Gehad I. Alkady, Ramez M. Daoud, Hassanein H. Amer, Yves Sallez, Hani F. Ragai
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Designs
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/56
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author Gehad I. Alkady
Ramez M. Daoud
Hassanein H. Amer
Yves Sallez
Hani F. Ragai
author_facet Gehad I. Alkady
Ramez M. Daoud
Hassanein H. Amer
Yves Sallez
Hani F. Ragai
author_sort Gehad I. Alkady
collection DOAJ
description This paper proposes a fault-tolerant flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that features a dual-level fault tolerance mechanism at both the workcell and system levels to enhance reliability. The workcell controller was implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Reconfigurable duplication was used as the first level of fault tolerance at the workcell level. It was shown how to detect and recover from FPGA faults such as Single Event Upsets (SEUs), hard faults, and Single Event Functional Interrupts (SEFIs). The prototype of the workcell controller was successfully implemented using two Zybo Z7-20 AMD boards and an Arduino DUE. Petri Nets were used to prove that controller reliability increased by 346% after 1440 operational hours. The second level of fault tolerance was at the FMS level; the Supervisor (SUP) took over the responsibilities of any malfunctioning workcell controller. Riverbed software was used to prove that the system successfully met the end-to-end delay requirements. Finally, Matlab showed that there is a further increase in performability.
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id doaj-art-de14842eb4fb44a99c6dcadc5a9cdf7e
institution Kabale University
issn 2411-9660
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Designs
spelling doaj-art-de14842eb4fb44a99c6dcadc5a9cdf7e2025-08-20T03:24:39ZengMDPI AGDesigns2411-96602025-05-01935610.3390/designs9030056Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing SystemGehad I. Alkady0Ramez M. Daoud1Hassanein H. Amer2Yves Sallez3Hani F. Ragai4Electronics and Electrical Communications Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptElectronics and Communication Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo 11835, EgyptElectronics and Communication Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo 11835, EgyptLAMIH, UMR CNRS 8201, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 59300 Valenciennes, FranceElectronics and Electrical Communications Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptThis paper proposes a fault-tolerant flexible manufacturing system (FMS) that features a dual-level fault tolerance mechanism at both the workcell and system levels to enhance reliability. The workcell controller was implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Reconfigurable duplication was used as the first level of fault tolerance at the workcell level. It was shown how to detect and recover from FPGA faults such as Single Event Upsets (SEUs), hard faults, and Single Event Functional Interrupts (SEFIs). The prototype of the workcell controller was successfully implemented using two Zybo Z7-20 AMD boards and an Arduino DUE. Petri Nets were used to prove that controller reliability increased by 346% after 1440 operational hours. The second level of fault tolerance was at the FMS level; the Supervisor (SUP) took over the responsibilities of any malfunctioning workcell controller. Riverbed software was used to prove that the system successfully met the end-to-end delay requirements. Finally, Matlab showed that there is a further increase in performability.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/56flexible manufacturing systemsfield programmable gate arraysfault-tolerant systemsPetri Netsreliability
spellingShingle Gehad I. Alkady
Ramez M. Daoud
Hassanein H. Amer
Yves Sallez
Hani F. Ragai
Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
Designs
flexible manufacturing systems
field programmable gate arrays
fault-tolerant systems
Petri Nets
reliability
title Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
title_full Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
title_fullStr Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
title_full_unstemmed Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
title_short Dual-Level Fault-Tolerant FPGA-Based Flexible Manufacturing System
title_sort dual level fault tolerant fpga based flexible manufacturing system
topic flexible manufacturing systems
field programmable gate arrays
fault-tolerant systems
Petri Nets
reliability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2411-9660/9/3/56
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AT yvessallez duallevelfaulttolerantfpgabasedflexiblemanufacturingsystem
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