Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches
The intricate interplay of direct and indirect mechanisms relating to immune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and viral proteins represents a key factor of lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected patients. Indirect mechanisms based on cytokine dysregulation, HIV-induced immune dysfunction, and co-infectio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/10/705 |
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| author | Mihaela Straista Francesca Caccuri Nicoleta Arnaut Arnaldo Caruso Mark Slevin |
| author_facet | Mihaela Straista Francesca Caccuri Nicoleta Arnaut Arnaldo Caruso Mark Slevin |
| author_sort | Mihaela Straista |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The intricate interplay of direct and indirect mechanisms relating to immune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and viral proteins represents a key factor of lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected patients. Indirect mechanisms based on cytokine dysregulation, HIV-induced immune dysfunction, and co-infections with oncogenic viruses induce chronic B-cell activation and generation of a prone environment for malignant transformation and tumor growth. Direct mechanisms arise from oncogenic influences of p17, Tat, and Nef HIV proteins, which generate genomic instability, alteration of cellular signaling, and activation of oncogenic pathways. Vp17’s implication in lymphomagenesis and angiogenesis, ensured by activation of PAR1/EGFR/PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways, emphasizes the critical need for developing therapeutic strategies that target their signaling mechanisms. This review shows an insight into the pathological mechanisms involved in lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals, focusing on finding novel therapeutic approaches directed at immune rehabilitation and oncogenic signaling pathways. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de131be89d134651bf3561e2232c455c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj-art-de131be89d134651bf3561e2232c455c2025-08-20T01:56:16ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-05-01141070510.3390/cells14100705Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic ApproachesMihaela Straista0Francesca Caccuri1Nicoleta Arnaut2Arnaldo Caruso3Mark Slevin4Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCentre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCentre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCentre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCentre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaThe intricate interplay of direct and indirect mechanisms relating to immune dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and viral proteins represents a key factor of lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected patients. Indirect mechanisms based on cytokine dysregulation, HIV-induced immune dysfunction, and co-infections with oncogenic viruses induce chronic B-cell activation and generation of a prone environment for malignant transformation and tumor growth. Direct mechanisms arise from oncogenic influences of p17, Tat, and Nef HIV proteins, which generate genomic instability, alteration of cellular signaling, and activation of oncogenic pathways. Vp17’s implication in lymphomagenesis and angiogenesis, ensured by activation of PAR1/EGFR/PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways, emphasizes the critical need for developing therapeutic strategies that target their signaling mechanisms. This review shows an insight into the pathological mechanisms involved in lymphomagenesis in HIV-infected individuals, focusing on finding novel therapeutic approaches directed at immune rehabilitation and oncogenic signaling pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/10/705HIVlymphomagenesisvp17therapeutic approacheschronic B cell activation |
| spellingShingle | Mihaela Straista Francesca Caccuri Nicoleta Arnaut Arnaldo Caruso Mark Slevin Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches Cells HIV lymphomagenesis vp17 therapeutic approaches chronic B cell activation |
| title | Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_full | Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_short | Pathological Mechanisms Involved in HIV-Associated Lymphomagenesis: Novel Targeted Therapeutic Approaches |
| title_sort | pathological mechanisms involved in hiv associated lymphomagenesis novel targeted therapeutic approaches |
| topic | HIV lymphomagenesis vp17 therapeutic approaches chronic B cell activation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/10/705 |
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