Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube
Improving heat transfer efficiency in base fluids remains a key challenge in various thermal applications. To address this, several researchers have suggested the integration of nanoparticles into base fluids, leveraging recent advancements in nanotechnology to enhance performance. This study compar...
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Unviversity of Technology- Iraq
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Engineering and Technology Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_186600_2d5a62625e6446c40d02e1020acebdc6.pdf |
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| author | Zahraa Hussain Jamal Ali Hasan Majdi Abbas Sultan Bashar Kadhim Haidar Al-Naseri |
| author_facet | Zahraa Hussain Jamal Ali Hasan Majdi Abbas Sultan Bashar Kadhim Haidar Al-Naseri |
| author_sort | Zahraa Hussain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Improving heat transfer efficiency in base fluids remains a key challenge in various thermal applications. To address this, several researchers have suggested the integration of nanoparticles into base fluids, leveraging recent advancements in nanotechnology to enhance performance. This study compares different types of nanoparticles and preparation methods for nanofluids and examines the impact of their properties on improving heat transfer. The convective heat transfer under a turbulent flow regime was studied experimentally and numerically in a copper tube used as a test section. Advanced measurement techniques were employed, including a Flux Teq LLC heat flux sensor mounted on the test section wall's inner surface to measure the instantaneous heat flux and inner surface temperature. Additionally, five T-type thermocouples were used to measure the bulk temperature. Three types of nanoparticles—titanium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene nanoplates were used at three different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 vol. %) to prepare the nanofluids. The results of applying these nanofluids in the heat transfer process showed that the heat transfer coefficient increased with the concentration of nanoparticles. The greatest improvement was observed at a concentration of 0.03%, with heat transfer coefficient increases compared to the base fluid of 23.7%, 39.1%, and 68.25% for TiO₂, CuO, and GNP, respectively. Numerical results were obtained using COMSOL 5.6, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analytical program. The predicted and experimental values were compared to validate the model, showing good agreement between the results, though minor differences were observed. These findings highlight the potential of nanofluids as an innovative solution for advanced heat transfer applications, offering enhanced performance and energy savings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ddd21a508aa849749f23606bc56df04f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1681-6900 2412-0758 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Unviversity of Technology- Iraq |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering and Technology Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-ddd21a508aa849749f23606bc56df04f2025-08-20T03:04:59ZengUnviversity of Technology- IraqEngineering and Technology Journal1681-69002412-07582025-03-0143320421910.30684/etj.2025.155330.1856186600Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tubeZahraa Hussain0Jamal Ali1Hasan Majdi2Abbas Sultan3Bashar Kadhim4Haidar Al-Naseri5Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Dept., College of Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon 51001, Iraq.Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.Chemical Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.Chemical Engineering Dept., College of Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.Improving heat transfer efficiency in base fluids remains a key challenge in various thermal applications. To address this, several researchers have suggested the integration of nanoparticles into base fluids, leveraging recent advancements in nanotechnology to enhance performance. This study compares different types of nanoparticles and preparation methods for nanofluids and examines the impact of their properties on improving heat transfer. The convective heat transfer under a turbulent flow regime was studied experimentally and numerically in a copper tube used as a test section. Advanced measurement techniques were employed, including a Flux Teq LLC heat flux sensor mounted on the test section wall's inner surface to measure the instantaneous heat flux and inner surface temperature. Additionally, five T-type thermocouples were used to measure the bulk temperature. Three types of nanoparticles—titanium dioxide, copper oxide, and graphene nanoplates were used at three different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 vol. %) to prepare the nanofluids. The results of applying these nanofluids in the heat transfer process showed that the heat transfer coefficient increased with the concentration of nanoparticles. The greatest improvement was observed at a concentration of 0.03%, with heat transfer coefficient increases compared to the base fluid of 23.7%, 39.1%, and 68.25% for TiO₂, CuO, and GNP, respectively. Numerical results were obtained using COMSOL 5.6, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analytical program. The predicted and experimental values were compared to validate the model, showing good agreement between the results, though minor differences were observed. These findings highlight the potential of nanofluids as an innovative solution for advanced heat transfer applications, offering enhanced performance and energy savings.https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_186600_2d5a62625e6446c40d02e1020acebdc6.pdfnumerical investigationnanofluidsheat transferturbulent flowthermophysical properties |
| spellingShingle | Zahraa Hussain Jamal Ali Hasan Majdi Abbas Sultan Bashar Kadhim Haidar Al-Naseri Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube Engineering and Technology Journal numerical investigation nanofluids heat transfer turbulent flow thermophysical properties |
| title | Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| title_full | Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| title_fullStr | Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| title_short | Experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| title_sort | experimental and theoretical study to improve heat transfer using nanofluids flow in copper tube |
| topic | numerical investigation nanofluids heat transfer turbulent flow thermophysical properties |
| url | https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_186600_2d5a62625e6446c40d02e1020acebdc6.pdf |
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