An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. AF is associated with a deficiency in nitric oxide (NO) production, which contributes to disturbances in the electrical and mechanical function of the atrial myocardium. NO donors are considered promising for the treatment and prevent...

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Main Authors: Xenia Butova, Tatiana Myachina, Polina Mikhryakova, Raisa Simonova, Daniil Shchepkin, Anastasia Khokhlova
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Biomolecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/5/735
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author Xenia Butova
Tatiana Myachina
Polina Mikhryakova
Raisa Simonova
Daniil Shchepkin
Anastasia Khokhlova
author_facet Xenia Butova
Tatiana Myachina
Polina Mikhryakova
Raisa Simonova
Daniil Shchepkin
Anastasia Khokhlova
author_sort Xenia Butova
collection DOAJ
description Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. AF is associated with a deficiency in nitric oxide (NO) production, which contributes to disturbances in the electrical and mechanical function of the atrial myocardium. NO donors are considered promising for the treatment and prevention of AF, but their effects on atrial contractility are unclear. This study examines the direct impact of a low-molecular-weight NO donor, spermine-NONOate (NOC-22), on the contractile function of atrial cardiomyocytes in paroxysmal AF. To study whether an NO donor-induced increase in NO level causes chamber-specific changes in atrial contractility, we measured sarcomere length (SL) dynamics in contracting single cardiomyocytes from the rat left and right atria (LA, RA) using a 7-day acetylcholine-CaCl<sub>2</sub>-induced AF model. We showed that in control rats NOC-22 provoked alternans of sarcomere shortening in both LA and RA cardiomyocytes. In AF, NOC-22 decreased the sarcomere-shortening amplitudes and velocities of sarcomere shortening–relengthening and increased the magnitude of sarcomere-shortening alternans only in RA cardiomyocytes. The negative effects of NO donors on RA contractility warrant careful consideration of their use in AF treatment.
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spelling doaj-art-ddc535d44e3345d6a513f6304e0d5ebc2025-08-20T03:47:53ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-05-0115573510.3390/biom15050735An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial FibrillationXenia Butova0Tatiana Myachina1Polina Mikhryakova2Raisa Simonova3Daniil Shchepkin4Anastasia Khokhlova5Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Pervomajskaya St. 106, Yekaterinburg 620078, RussiaInstitute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Pervomajskaya St. 106, Yekaterinburg 620078, RussiaInstitute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Pervomajskaya St. 106, Yekaterinburg 620078, RussiaInstitute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Pervomajskaya St. 106, Yekaterinburg 620078, RussiaInstitute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Pervomajskaya St. 106, Yekaterinburg 620078, RussiaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USAAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. AF is associated with a deficiency in nitric oxide (NO) production, which contributes to disturbances in the electrical and mechanical function of the atrial myocardium. NO donors are considered promising for the treatment and prevention of AF, but their effects on atrial contractility are unclear. This study examines the direct impact of a low-molecular-weight NO donor, spermine-NONOate (NOC-22), on the contractile function of atrial cardiomyocytes in paroxysmal AF. To study whether an NO donor-induced increase in NO level causes chamber-specific changes in atrial contractility, we measured sarcomere length (SL) dynamics in contracting single cardiomyocytes from the rat left and right atria (LA, RA) using a 7-day acetylcholine-CaCl<sub>2</sub>-induced AF model. We showed that in control rats NOC-22 provoked alternans of sarcomere shortening in both LA and RA cardiomyocytes. In AF, NOC-22 decreased the sarcomere-shortening amplitudes and velocities of sarcomere shortening–relengthening and increased the magnitude of sarcomere-shortening alternans only in RA cardiomyocytes. The negative effects of NO donors on RA contractility warrant careful consideration of their use in AF treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/5/735nitric oxideNO donoratrial fibrillationleft and right atriacardiomyocyte contractilitymechanical alternans
spellingShingle Xenia Butova
Tatiana Myachina
Polina Mikhryakova
Raisa Simonova
Daniil Shchepkin
Anastasia Khokhlova
An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
Biomolecules
nitric oxide
NO donor
atrial fibrillation
left and right atria
cardiomyocyte contractility
mechanical alternans
title An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
title_full An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
title_fullStr An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
title_full_unstemmed An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
title_short An Exogenous NO Donor Provokes Mechanical Alternans in Normal Rat Atria and Impairs Sarcomere Contractility in Right Atrial Cardiomyocytes in Atrial Fibrillation
title_sort exogenous no donor provokes mechanical alternans in normal rat atria and impairs sarcomere contractility in right atrial cardiomyocytes in atrial fibrillation
topic nitric oxide
NO donor
atrial fibrillation
left and right atria
cardiomyocyte contractility
mechanical alternans
url https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/5/735
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