Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design)
Significant agro-industrial waste is produced during the winemaking process, including grape stalks, which are a rich source of the valuable biopolymer holocellulose that can be utilized for biotechnological processes. The purpose of this study was to delignify grape stalks in order to extract holoc...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| author | Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez V. Felipe Laurie Marcelo Muñoz-Vera Ricardo Ignacio Castro |
| author_facet | Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez V. Felipe Laurie Marcelo Muñoz-Vera Ricardo Ignacio Castro |
| author_sort | Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez |
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| description | Significant agro-industrial waste is produced during the winemaking process, including grape stalks, which are a rich source of the valuable biopolymer holocellulose that can be utilized for biotechnological processes. The purpose of this study was to delignify grape stalks in order to extract holocellulose. Then Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) was immobilized in the interstitial spaces of holocellulose and then coated with natural polymers (chitosan, Ch; and alginate, Al) to create the Holo-LP/Ch/Al complex. A physicochemical analysis of the system revealed strong bacterial immobilization and stability. The efficiency of the complex in adsorbing ochratoxin A (OTA) from wine model solutions was assessed using a Box–Behnken design under various pH, time, and concentration conditions. The results showed that at pH 3.0, 75.39 min, and a complex concentration of 43.82 mg mL<sup>−1</sup>, the best OTA removal (53.68%) took place. Because of its physicochemical interactions, the complex showed improved OTA adsorption in acidic environments. This study demonstrates the potential of biopolymeric systems based on holocellulose for reducing mycotoxin contamination in beverages and stabilizing bacterial cells. These results offer a viable way to increase food safety and value winemaking by-products. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj-art-ddaf7b381cd0426da686c6cdf0b50e5a2025-01-24T13:51:14ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512025-01-011712610.3390/toxins17010026Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design)Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez0V. Felipe Laurie1Marcelo Muñoz-Vera2Ricardo Ignacio Castro3Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, ChileConstruction Multidisciplinary Research Group, Facultad de Arquitectura, Construcción y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, ChileMultidisciplinary Agroindustry Research Laboratory, Carrera de Ingeniería en Construcción, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, ChileSignificant agro-industrial waste is produced during the winemaking process, including grape stalks, which are a rich source of the valuable biopolymer holocellulose that can be utilized for biotechnological processes. The purpose of this study was to delignify grape stalks in order to extract holocellulose. Then Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) was immobilized in the interstitial spaces of holocellulose and then coated with natural polymers (chitosan, Ch; and alginate, Al) to create the Holo-LP/Ch/Al complex. A physicochemical analysis of the system revealed strong bacterial immobilization and stability. The efficiency of the complex in adsorbing ochratoxin A (OTA) from wine model solutions was assessed using a Box–Behnken design under various pH, time, and concentration conditions. The results showed that at pH 3.0, 75.39 min, and a complex concentration of 43.82 mg mL<sup>−1</sup>, the best OTA removal (53.68%) took place. Because of its physicochemical interactions, the complex showed improved OTA adsorption in acidic environments. This study demonstrates the potential of biopolymeric systems based on holocellulose for reducing mycotoxin contamination in beverages and stabilizing bacterial cells. These results offer a viable way to increase food safety and value winemaking by-products.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/26holocellulosestalk grapebacterial immobilizationalginatechitosanochratoxin A |
| spellingShingle | Verónica Carrasco-Sánchez V. Felipe Laurie Marcelo Muñoz-Vera Ricardo Ignacio Castro Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) Toxins holocellulose stalk grape bacterial immobilization alginate chitosan ochratoxin A |
| title | Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) |
| title_full | Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) |
| title_fullStr | Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) |
| title_short | Holocellulose from a Winemaking By-Product to Develop a Biopolymeric System for Bacterial Immobilization: Adsorption of Ochratoxin A in Wine Model Solutions (Box–Behnken Design) |
| title_sort | holocellulose from a winemaking by product to develop a biopolymeric system for bacterial immobilization adsorption of ochratoxin a in wine model solutions box behnken design |
| topic | holocellulose stalk grape bacterial immobilization alginate chitosan ochratoxin A |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/26 |
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