Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India
Contamination of coastal-marine environment with multidrug-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> has resulted in such bacteria increasingly being detected in the seafood chain. This study aimed to determine the quinolone and colistin resistance genes in extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-p...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Chandrashekar K. Dhanush Manjusha Lekshmi Shivani Kallappa Girisha Binaya Bhusan Nayak Sanath H. Kumar |
| author_facet | Chandrashekar K. Dhanush Manjusha Lekshmi Shivani Kallappa Girisha Binaya Bhusan Nayak Sanath H. Kumar |
| author_sort | Chandrashekar K. Dhanush |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Contamination of coastal-marine environment with multidrug-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> has resulted in such bacteria increasingly being detected in the seafood chain. This study aimed to determine the quinolone and colistin resistance genes in extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>E. coli</i> from seafood. ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates (n = 269) were tested for quinolones and colistin resistance phenotypes by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods, respectively. The isolates were further PCR screened for the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes <i>qnrA</i>, qnrB, and <i>qnrS</i>, genomic mutations in <i>gyrA</i> and <i>parC</i> genes, and the colistin resistance genes <i>mcr-1</i> and <i>mcr-2</i>. Phylogroup was determined by PCR using the Clermont <i>E. coli</i> phylotyping method. Of 269 isolates tested, 73.60% of <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to moxifloxacin and 8.55% to ofloxacin, the least of all the quinolones tested. Further, 150 (55.76%) <i>E. coli</i> isolates carried at least one of the three PMQR genes tested, where <i>qnrS</i> was the most prevalent gene (53.90%). The colistin resistance gene (<i>mcr-2</i>) was detected in 38 (14.12%) isolates. Twenty-one of these isolates (55.26%) had a colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/mL. Based on the Clermont <i>E. coli</i> phylotyping of the isolates harboring at least one of the <i>qnr</i> genes, 66 (44%) belonged to the phylogroup B1, followed by 23 (15.33%) to phylogroup A. Among 38 <i>E. coli</i> isolates carrying colistin resistance gene <i>mcr-2</i>, 27 (71.05%) isolates belonged to phylogroup B1, followed by 4 (10.52%) isolates to phylogroup A. The results suggest that <i>E. coli</i> phylogroups B1 and A harboring plasmid-mediated quinolone and colistin resistance genes are predominant in the seafood supply chain. |
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| spelling | doaj-art-dd9a41c5c8af4df99d99e3e425db1fad2025-08-20T03:43:47ZengMDPI AGApplied Microbiology2673-80072025-01-0151310.3390/applmicrobiol5010003Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, IndiaChandrashekar K. Dhanush0Manjusha Lekshmi1Shivani Kallappa Girisha2Binaya Bhusan Nayak3Sanath H. Kumar4Fish Processing Technology Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, IndiaFish Processing Technology Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, IndiaDepartment of Aquatic Animal Health Management, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru 575002, IndiaFish Processing Technology Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, IndiaFish Processing Technology Department, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, IndiaContamination of coastal-marine environment with multidrug-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> has resulted in such bacteria increasingly being detected in the seafood chain. This study aimed to determine the quinolone and colistin resistance genes in extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>E. coli</i> from seafood. ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates (n = 269) were tested for quinolones and colistin resistance phenotypes by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods, respectively. The isolates were further PCR screened for the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes <i>qnrA</i>, qnrB, and <i>qnrS</i>, genomic mutations in <i>gyrA</i> and <i>parC</i> genes, and the colistin resistance genes <i>mcr-1</i> and <i>mcr-2</i>. Phylogroup was determined by PCR using the Clermont <i>E. coli</i> phylotyping method. Of 269 isolates tested, 73.60% of <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to moxifloxacin and 8.55% to ofloxacin, the least of all the quinolones tested. Further, 150 (55.76%) <i>E. coli</i> isolates carried at least one of the three PMQR genes tested, where <i>qnrS</i> was the most prevalent gene (53.90%). The colistin resistance gene (<i>mcr-2</i>) was detected in 38 (14.12%) isolates. Twenty-one of these isolates (55.26%) had a colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/mL. Based on the Clermont <i>E. coli</i> phylotyping of the isolates harboring at least one of the <i>qnr</i> genes, 66 (44%) belonged to the phylogroup B1, followed by 23 (15.33%) to phylogroup A. Among 38 <i>E. coli</i> isolates carrying colistin resistance gene <i>mcr-2</i>, 27 (71.05%) isolates belonged to phylogroup B1, followed by 4 (10.52%) isolates to phylogroup A. The results suggest that <i>E. coli</i> phylogroups B1 and A harboring plasmid-mediated quinolone and colistin resistance genes are predominant in the seafood supply chain.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/5/1/3ESBL<i>qnr</i><i>mcr</i>seafoodquinolone resistancecolistin |
| spellingShingle | Chandrashekar K. Dhanush Manjusha Lekshmi Shivani Kallappa Girisha Binaya Bhusan Nayak Sanath H. Kumar Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India Applied Microbiology ESBL <i>qnr</i> <i>mcr</i> seafood quinolone resistance colistin |
| title | Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India |
| title_full | Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India |
| title_fullStr | Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India |
| title_short | Quinolone and Colistin Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> of Diverse Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Seafood in Mumbai, India |
| title_sort | quinolone and colistin resistance genes in extended spectrum beta lactamase esbl producing i escherichia coli i of diverse phylogenetic groups isolated from seafood in mumbai india |
| topic | ESBL <i>qnr</i> <i>mcr</i> seafood quinolone resistance colistin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/5/1/3 |
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