Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of the mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for treating or preventing oral mucositis (OM) caused by antineoplastic therapy. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a search was conducted in Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Health...

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Main Authors: Paulo Victor Alves de Sales, Isabella Piassi Dias Godói, Gerly Anne de Castro Brito, Renata Carvalho Leitão, Aurigena Antunes de Araújo, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em Cirurgia 2025-03-01
Series:Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-86502025000100503&lng=en&tlng=en
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author Paulo Victor Alves de Sales
Isabella Piassi Dias Godói
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
Renata Carvalho Leitão
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
author_facet Paulo Victor Alves de Sales
Isabella Piassi Dias Godói
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
Renata Carvalho Leitão
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
author_sort Paulo Victor Alves de Sales
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of the mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for treating or preventing oral mucositis (OM) caused by antineoplastic therapy. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a search was conducted in Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia from August to September 2023 using descriptors related to OM and laser therapy. Studies on the mechanisms of photobiomodulation in OM were included. Randomized (RCTs) or non-randomized trials from the past 10 years were reviewed. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. Results: A total of 355 studies was identified. After the screening, seven met the eligibility criteria. The RCTs showed a low risk of bias. PBMT reduced OM incidence in patients undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy. PBMT decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, interleukin-10). It also modulated inflammatory mediators, enhancing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and overexpressing genes for keratinocyte differentiation, aiding injury repair. Conclusion: The findings suggested that the mechanism of action of PBMT in OM involves modulation of the inflammatory response, balancing oxygen reactive species generation, and expression of factors related to healing or repair. Further studies are needed to elucidate these mechanisms and optimize treatment protocols.
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spelling doaj-art-dd9565eb24c44421a81071f52ea1ec622025-08-20T02:16:19ZengSociedade Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento da Pesquisa em CirurgiaActa Cirúrgica Brasileira1678-26742025-03-014010.1590/acb403125Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic reviewPaulo Victor Alves de Saleshttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-8440-4285Isabella Piassi Dias Godóihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0568-6625Gerly Anne de Castro Britohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8214-4379Renata Carvalho Leitãohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0202-771XAurigena Antunes de Araújohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9264-4695Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiroshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9224-2434ABSTRACT Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of the mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for treating or preventing oral mucositis (OM) caused by antineoplastic therapy. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a search was conducted in Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia from August to September 2023 using descriptors related to OM and laser therapy. Studies on the mechanisms of photobiomodulation in OM were included. Randomized (RCTs) or non-randomized trials from the past 10 years were reviewed. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools. Results: A total of 355 studies was identified. After the screening, seven met the eligibility criteria. The RCTs showed a low risk of bias. PBMT reduced OM incidence in patients undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy. PBMT decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, interleukin-10). It also modulated inflammatory mediators, enhancing the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and overexpressing genes for keratinocyte differentiation, aiding injury repair. Conclusion: The findings suggested that the mechanism of action of PBMT in OM involves modulation of the inflammatory response, balancing oxygen reactive species generation, and expression of factors related to healing or repair. Further studies are needed to elucidate these mechanisms and optimize treatment protocols.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-86502025000100503&lng=en&tlng=enStomatitisLow-Level Light TherapyDrug TherapyRadiotherapy
spellingShingle Paulo Victor Alves de Sales
Isabella Piassi Dias Godói
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
Renata Carvalho Leitão
Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira
Stomatitis
Low-Level Light Therapy
Drug Therapy
Radiotherapy
title Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
title_full Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
title_fullStr Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
title_short Mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic-induced oral mucositis: a systematic review
title_sort mechanisms of photobiomodulation therapy in treating and preventing antineoplastic induced oral mucositis a systematic review
topic Stomatitis
Low-Level Light Therapy
Drug Therapy
Radiotherapy
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-86502025000100503&lng=en&tlng=en
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