The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial

Abstract Background Athletes report using cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating constituent of Cannabis sativa L., to enhance post-exercise recovery and manage other health conditions (e.g., poor sleep, anxiety, concussion). However, whether CBD influences performance-related outcomes remains unclea...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ayshe Sahinovic, Namson S. Lau, Angelo Sabag, Rebecca Gordon, Amanda J. Cox, Katie Walker, Christopher Irwin, Ben Desbrow, Nathan Johnson, Paul J. Austin, Paul Haber, Iain S. McGregor, Danielle McCartney
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-08-01
Series:Sports Medicine - Open
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00895-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849226243307732992
author Ayshe Sahinovic
Namson S. Lau
Angelo Sabag
Rebecca Gordon
Amanda J. Cox
Katie Walker
Christopher Irwin
Ben Desbrow
Nathan Johnson
Paul J. Austin
Paul Haber
Iain S. McGregor
Danielle McCartney
author_facet Ayshe Sahinovic
Namson S. Lau
Angelo Sabag
Rebecca Gordon
Amanda J. Cox
Katie Walker
Christopher Irwin
Ben Desbrow
Nathan Johnson
Paul J. Austin
Paul Haber
Iain S. McGregor
Danielle McCartney
author_sort Ayshe Sahinovic
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Athletes report using cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating constituent of Cannabis sativa L., to enhance post-exercise recovery and manage other health conditions (e.g., poor sleep, anxiety, concussion). However, whether CBD influences performance-related outcomes remains unclear. This study investigated the acute effects of a low, nutraceutical (50 mg) and moderate, therapeutic (300 mg) dose of CBD on physiological and subjective responses to endurance exercise in trained runners. Results A randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted at the University of Sydney between 24th October 2022 and 4th March 2024. Twenty-five participants (16 male; $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2max = 53.1 ± 7.5 mL·min kg−1) received either 0 (placebo), 50 or 300 mg CBD 1.5 h prior to completing a 60-min, submaximal intensity (~ 70% $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2max) treadmill run (RUN 1), followed by an incremental run to volitional exhaustion (RUN 2). Neither dose of CBD altered subjective responses (i.e., affective valence, enjoyment, perceived exertion, pain) during RUN 1, nor enjoyment, mood or anxiety following RUN 1 and 2 (p’s > 0.05). CBD also had a limited effect on exercise physiology and performance, with heart rate, exercise efficiency (i.e., $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2), $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2peak and time to exhaustion (TTE) unchanged relative to placebo (p’s > 0.05). However, 300 mg CBD decreased the respiratory exchange ratio during RUN 1 (p = 0.030) and 50 mg CBD increased blood glucose upon cessation of RUN 2 (p = 0.003), compared to placebo. There was no effect of either dose on plasma concentrations of muscle damage markers, creatine and myoglobin (p’s > 0.05), but a Treatment x Time x Sex interaction was identified for the gastrointestinal barrier function marker, lipopolysaccharide, with post hoc analyses revealing higher concentrations in females Post RUN 2 on 50 mg (p = 0.032), but not 300mg CBD (p = 1.000), compared to placebo. Conclusions CBD (50 mg, 300 mg; acute) does not appear to alter the subjective experience of submaximal intensity exercise, impact endurance performance (i.e., TTE) or have compelling effects on physiological responses to exercise. Use of CBD by athletes is, therefore, unlikely to be ergolytic or ergogenic at low to moderate doses. Trial registration The trial was approved by the Sydney Local Health District’s Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/ ETH11945; X21-0392) and registered prospectively with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000717752).
format Article
id doaj-art-dd765cf8fbea4d70a2836b0bc6a85cac
institution Kabale University
issn 2198-9761
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Sports Medicine - Open
spelling doaj-art-dd765cf8fbea4d70a2836b0bc6a85cac2025-08-24T11:31:47ZengSpringerOpenSports Medicine - Open2198-97612025-08-0111112510.1186/s40798-025-00895-wThe Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover TrialAyshe Sahinovic0Namson S. Lau1Angelo Sabag2Rebecca Gordon3Amanda J. Cox4Katie Walker5Christopher Irwin6Ben Desbrow7Nathan Johnson8Paul J. Austin9Paul Haber10Iain S. McGregor11Danielle McCartney12Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of SydneyThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of SydneyCharles Perkins Centre, The University of SydneyLambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of SydneySchool of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith UniversityLambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of SydneySchool of Allied Health, Sport and Social Work, Griffith UniversitySchool of Allied Health, Sport and Social Work, Griffith UniversityCharles Perkins Centre, The University of SydneySchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of SydneyCentral Clinical School, The University of SydneyLambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of SydneyLambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of SydneyAbstract Background Athletes report using cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating constituent of Cannabis sativa L., to enhance post-exercise recovery and manage other health conditions (e.g., poor sleep, anxiety, concussion). However, whether CBD influences performance-related outcomes remains unclear. This study investigated the acute effects of a low, nutraceutical (50 mg) and moderate, therapeutic (300 mg) dose of CBD on physiological and subjective responses to endurance exercise in trained runners. Results A randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted at the University of Sydney between 24th October 2022 and 4th March 2024. Twenty-five participants (16 male; $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2max = 53.1 ± 7.5 mL·min kg−1) received either 0 (placebo), 50 or 300 mg CBD 1.5 h prior to completing a 60-min, submaximal intensity (~ 70% $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2max) treadmill run (RUN 1), followed by an incremental run to volitional exhaustion (RUN 2). Neither dose of CBD altered subjective responses (i.e., affective valence, enjoyment, perceived exertion, pain) during RUN 1, nor enjoyment, mood or anxiety following RUN 1 and 2 (p’s > 0.05). CBD also had a limited effect on exercise physiology and performance, with heart rate, exercise efficiency (i.e., $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2), $${\dot{\text{V}}}$$ V ˙ O2peak and time to exhaustion (TTE) unchanged relative to placebo (p’s > 0.05). However, 300 mg CBD decreased the respiratory exchange ratio during RUN 1 (p = 0.030) and 50 mg CBD increased blood glucose upon cessation of RUN 2 (p = 0.003), compared to placebo. There was no effect of either dose on plasma concentrations of muscle damage markers, creatine and myoglobin (p’s > 0.05), but a Treatment x Time x Sex interaction was identified for the gastrointestinal barrier function marker, lipopolysaccharide, with post hoc analyses revealing higher concentrations in females Post RUN 2 on 50 mg (p = 0.032), but not 300mg CBD (p = 1.000), compared to placebo. Conclusions CBD (50 mg, 300 mg; acute) does not appear to alter the subjective experience of submaximal intensity exercise, impact endurance performance (i.e., TTE) or have compelling effects on physiological responses to exercise. Use of CBD by athletes is, therefore, unlikely to be ergolytic or ergogenic at low to moderate doses. Trial registration The trial was approved by the Sydney Local Health District’s Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/ ETH11945; X21-0392) and registered prospectively with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000717752).https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00895-w
spellingShingle Ayshe Sahinovic
Namson S. Lau
Angelo Sabag
Rebecca Gordon
Amanda J. Cox
Katie Walker
Christopher Irwin
Ben Desbrow
Nathan Johnson
Paul J. Austin
Paul Haber
Iain S. McGregor
Danielle McCartney
The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
Sports Medicine - Open
title The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
title_full The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
title_fullStr The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
title_full_unstemmed The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
title_short The Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on Physiological and Subjective Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Dose-Ranging Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial
title_sort acute effects of cannabidiol on physiological and subjective responses to endurance exercise a dose ranging randomised controlled crossover trial
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00895-w
work_keys_str_mv AT ayshesahinovic theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT namsonslau theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT angelosabag theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT rebeccagordon theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT amandajcox theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT katiewalker theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT christopherirwin theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT bendesbrow theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT nathanjohnson theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT pauljaustin theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT paulhaber theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT iainsmcgregor theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT daniellemccartney theacuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT ayshesahinovic acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT namsonslau acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT angelosabag acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT rebeccagordon acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT amandajcox acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT katiewalker acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT christopherirwin acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT bendesbrow acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT nathanjohnson acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT pauljaustin acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT paulhaber acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT iainsmcgregor acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial
AT daniellemccartney acuteeffectsofcannabidiolonphysiologicalandsubjectiveresponsestoenduranceexerciseadoserangingrandomisedcontrolledcrossovertrial