Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern worldwide, with approximately 296 million individuals chronically infected. The HBV-encoded X protein (HBx) is a regulatory protein of 17 kDa, reportedly responsible for a broad range of functions, including viral replication an...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/9/1361 |
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| _version_ | 1850258259199393792 |
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| author | Dong Li Yassir Hamadalnil Thomas Tu |
| author_facet | Dong Li Yassir Hamadalnil Thomas Tu |
| author_sort | Dong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern worldwide, with approximately 296 million individuals chronically infected. The HBV-encoded X protein (HBx) is a regulatory protein of 17 kDa, reportedly responsible for a broad range of functions, including viral replication and oncogenic processes. In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge on the mechanisms underlying HBx functions in viral replication, the antiviral effect of therapeutics directed against HBx, and the role of HBx in liver cancer development (including a hypothetical model of hepatocarcinogenesis). We conclude by highlighting major unanswered questions in the field and the implications of their answers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dd6fedcebb074966b795176281566fa4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd6fedcebb074966b795176281566fa42025-08-20T01:56:13ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-08-01169136110.3390/v16091361Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and HepatocarcinogenesisDong Li0Yassir Hamadalnil1Thomas Tu2The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, AustraliaFaculty of Medicine, Nile University, Khartoum HJW8+2P2, SudanThe Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, AustraliaHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern worldwide, with approximately 296 million individuals chronically infected. The HBV-encoded X protein (HBx) is a regulatory protein of 17 kDa, reportedly responsible for a broad range of functions, including viral replication and oncogenic processes. In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge on the mechanisms underlying HBx functions in viral replication, the antiviral effect of therapeutics directed against HBx, and the role of HBx in liver cancer development (including a hypothetical model of hepatocarcinogenesis). We conclude by highlighting major unanswered questions in the field and the implications of their answers.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/9/1361hepadnavirusHBV DNA integrationcccDNADBB1hepatocellular carcinomaHCC |
| spellingShingle | Dong Li Yassir Hamadalnil Thomas Tu Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis Viruses hepadnavirus HBV DNA integration cccDNA DBB1 hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
| title | Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis |
| title_full | Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis |
| title_short | Hepatitis B Viral Protein HBx: Roles in Viral Replication and Hepatocarcinogenesis |
| title_sort | hepatitis b viral protein hbx roles in viral replication and hepatocarcinogenesis |
| topic | hepadnavirus HBV DNA integration cccDNA DBB1 hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/9/1361 |
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