Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study
Abstract Background Food insecurity is a growing public health problem, particularly in conflict-affected areas where households face multiple challenges that restrict their accessibility to food and other necessities. It can result in serious health issues and increased mortality, especially among...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05880-6 |
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| author | Mansour Abdu Al-Taj Rawan Essam AlKhulidy Shatha Saif Alomary Elham Abdullah Hablh Abdulwahed Sanad Kadija Thabet Yahya Naseem Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Mona Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Eman Ahmed Badr Sadiq Abbass Sadiq Ali Ammar Aldoori |
| author_facet | Mansour Abdu Al-Taj Rawan Essam AlKhulidy Shatha Saif Alomary Elham Abdullah Hablh Abdulwahed Sanad Kadija Thabet Yahya Naseem Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Mona Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Eman Ahmed Badr Sadiq Abbass Sadiq Ali Ammar Aldoori |
| author_sort | Mansour Abdu Al-Taj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Food insecurity is a growing public health problem, particularly in conflict-affected areas where households face multiple challenges that restrict their accessibility to food and other necessities. It can result in serious health issues and increased mortality, especially among vulnerable groups such as children. Objective This study aims to assess the effect of household food insecurity on the development of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) among children aged 6–23 months and determine the other factors associated with ARI in this age group. Methods A matched case-control study was carried out in three public hospitals in Sana’a city between March and May 2022. A total of 151 children presented to the three hospitals diagnosed with ARI (cases) and 302 children who presented to the same hospitals with non-ARI diagnoses were included in the study and matched by sex and age ± two months. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results Among cases, 63.6% (96/151) of households were food insecure compared to 40.7% (123/302) of the controls. Household food insecurity was a strong predictor of ARI in children (AOR 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–2.70; p = 0.017). Children living in rented accommodation (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.40–3.74; p < 0.001) and those with relatives who smoked (AOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.17–2.90; p = 0.008) had a higher likelihood of having ARIs compared to those in non-rented dwellings and where no relatives smoked, respectively. Parental characteristics, source of water, and source of cooking fuel were not associated with ARI. Conclusion To reduce the burden of ARI among young children, it is important to prioritize the design and implementation of multi-sectoral community interventions. These interventions should include the initiation of income-generating programs aimed at alleviating household food insecurity, as well as health education campaigns to raise community awareness about the health risks associated with smoking. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dd5498e874fa4271b158eae06995ec61 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd5498e874fa4271b158eae06995ec612025-08-20T03:45:36ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-07-012511910.1186/s12887-025-05880-6Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control studyMansour Abdu Al-Taj0Rawan Essam AlKhulidy1Shatha Saif Alomary2Elham Abdullah Hablh3Abdulwahed Sanad4Kadija Thabet Yahya5Naseem Abdulghani Al-Gounaid6Mona Abdulghani Al-Gounaid7Eman Ahmed Badr8Sadiq Abbass Sadiq9Ali Ammar Aldoori10Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a UniversityAbstract Background Food insecurity is a growing public health problem, particularly in conflict-affected areas where households face multiple challenges that restrict their accessibility to food and other necessities. It can result in serious health issues and increased mortality, especially among vulnerable groups such as children. Objective This study aims to assess the effect of household food insecurity on the development of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) among children aged 6–23 months and determine the other factors associated with ARI in this age group. Methods A matched case-control study was carried out in three public hospitals in Sana’a city between March and May 2022. A total of 151 children presented to the three hospitals diagnosed with ARI (cases) and 302 children who presented to the same hospitals with non-ARI diagnoses were included in the study and matched by sex and age ± two months. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results Among cases, 63.6% (96/151) of households were food insecure compared to 40.7% (123/302) of the controls. Household food insecurity was a strong predictor of ARI in children (AOR 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–2.70; p = 0.017). Children living in rented accommodation (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.40–3.74; p < 0.001) and those with relatives who smoked (AOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.17–2.90; p = 0.008) had a higher likelihood of having ARIs compared to those in non-rented dwellings and where no relatives smoked, respectively. Parental characteristics, source of water, and source of cooking fuel were not associated with ARI. Conclusion To reduce the burden of ARI among young children, it is important to prioritize the design and implementation of multi-sectoral community interventions. These interventions should include the initiation of income-generating programs aimed at alleviating household food insecurity, as well as health education campaigns to raise community awareness about the health risks associated with smoking.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05880-6Household food insecurityAcute respiratory infectionChildrenRisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Mansour Abdu Al-Taj Rawan Essam AlKhulidy Shatha Saif Alomary Elham Abdullah Hablh Abdulwahed Sanad Kadija Thabet Yahya Naseem Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Mona Abdulghani Al-Gounaid Eman Ahmed Badr Sadiq Abbass Sadiq Ali Ammar Aldoori Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study BMC Pediatrics Household food insecurity Acute respiratory infection Children Risk factors |
| title | Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study |
| title_full | Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study |
| title_fullStr | Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study |
| title_short | Risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in Yemen: a hospital based matched case-control study |
| title_sort | risk factors for acute respiratory infection among children in yemen a hospital based matched case control study |
| topic | Household food insecurity Acute respiratory infection Children Risk factors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05880-6 |
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