Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder

Optical wireless communications in space are degraded by atmospheric turbulence, light attenuation, and detector noise. In this paper, we develop a neural network (NN) channel estimator that is optimized across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio levels during the training stage. In addition, we p...

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Main Authors: Abdelrahman Elfikky, Zouheir Rezki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373105/
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author Abdelrahman Elfikky
Zouheir Rezki
author_facet Abdelrahman Elfikky
Zouheir Rezki
author_sort Abdelrahman Elfikky
collection DOAJ
description Optical wireless communications in space are degraded by atmospheric turbulence, light attenuation, and detector noise. In this paper, we develop a neural network (NN) channel estimator that is optimized across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio levels during the training stage. In addition, we propose a novel autoencoder (AE) model to develop a complete physical layer communication system in space optical communications (SOC). The AE is designed to work with both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI), providing a flexible and versatile solution for SOC. Batch normalization and multiple-decoders are incorporated into the proposed AE, which improves receiver learning capabilities by allowing the use of more than one path to update encoder and decoder weights. This novel approach can reduce the error in detection relative to state-of-the-art models. Using the system tool kit simulator, we examine our system’s performance in a downlink SOC channel that connects a geostationary satellite to a ground station in Log-normal fading channel. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of our system in a downlink channel that establishes a connection between a Low Earth Orbit satellite and a ground station, operating in Gamma-Gamma fading channel. The numerical results show that the proposed channel estimator NN is superior to state-of-the-art learning-based frameworks and achieves the same level of performance as the minimum mean square error estimator. Additionally, with no fading and for both perfect and imperfect CSI with different code rates and fading channels, the proposed AE-based detection outperforms both benchmark learning frameworks and most popular convolutional codes.
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spelling doaj-art-dd4bc58aa4b347678eef6d82675494bf2025-08-20T02:53:06ZengIEEEIEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking2831-316X2024-01-01211012810.1109/TMLCN.2023.334681110373105Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and AutoencoderAbdelrahman Elfikky0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2187-2468Zouheir Rezki1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USAOptical wireless communications in space are degraded by atmospheric turbulence, light attenuation, and detector noise. In this paper, we develop a neural network (NN) channel estimator that is optimized across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio levels during the training stage. In addition, we propose a novel autoencoder (AE) model to develop a complete physical layer communication system in space optical communications (SOC). The AE is designed to work with both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI), providing a flexible and versatile solution for SOC. Batch normalization and multiple-decoders are incorporated into the proposed AE, which improves receiver learning capabilities by allowing the use of more than one path to update encoder and decoder weights. This novel approach can reduce the error in detection relative to state-of-the-art models. Using the system tool kit simulator, we examine our system’s performance in a downlink SOC channel that connects a geostationary satellite to a ground station in Log-normal fading channel. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance of our system in a downlink channel that establishes a connection between a Low Earth Orbit satellite and a ground station, operating in Gamma-Gamma fading channel. The numerical results show that the proposed channel estimator NN is superior to state-of-the-art learning-based frameworks and achieves the same level of performance as the minimum mean square error estimator. Additionally, with no fading and for both perfect and imperfect CSI with different code rates and fading channels, the proposed AE-based detection outperforms both benchmark learning frameworks and most popular convolutional codes.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373105/Deep learningchannel estimationsymbol detectionspace optical communicationssystem tool kit
spellingShingle Abdelrahman Elfikky
Zouheir Rezki
Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking
Deep learning
channel estimation
symbol detection
space optical communications
system tool kit
title Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
title_full Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
title_fullStr Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
title_full_unstemmed Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
title_short Symbol Detection and Channel Estimation for Space Optical Communications Using Neural Network and Autoencoder
title_sort symbol detection and channel estimation for space optical communications using neural network and autoencoder
topic Deep learning
channel estimation
symbol detection
space optical communications
system tool kit
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373105/
work_keys_str_mv AT abdelrahmanelfikky symboldetectionandchannelestimationforspaceopticalcommunicationsusingneuralnetworkandautoencoder
AT zouheirrezki symboldetectionandchannelestimationforspaceopticalcommunicationsusingneuralnetworkandautoencoder