Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies
The far-infrared–radio correlation (FRC) is one of the most promising empirical constraints on the role of cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in galaxy formation and evolution. While many theories have been proposed in order to explain the emergence and maintenance of the FRC across a gamut of ga...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada280 |
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| author | Sam B. Ponnada Rachel K. Cochrane Philip F. Hopkins Iryna S. Butsky Sarah Wellons N. Nicole Sanchez Cameron Hummels Yue Samuel Lu Dušan Kereš Christopher C. Hayward |
| author_facet | Sam B. Ponnada Rachel K. Cochrane Philip F. Hopkins Iryna S. Butsky Sarah Wellons N. Nicole Sanchez Cameron Hummels Yue Samuel Lu Dušan Kereš Christopher C. Hayward |
| author_sort | Sam B. Ponnada |
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| description | The far-infrared–radio correlation (FRC) is one of the most promising empirical constraints on the role of cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in galaxy formation and evolution. While many theories have been proposed in order to explain the emergence and maintenance of the FRC across a gamut of galaxy properties and redshift, the nonlinear physics at play remain unexplored in full complexity and within a cosmological context. We present the first reproduction of the z ∼ 0 FRC using detailed synthetic observations of state-of-the-art cosmological zoom-in simulations from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE-3) suite with explicitly evolved CR proton and electron (CRe) spectra, for three models for CR transport and multichannel active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. In doing so, we generally verify the predictions of “calorimeter” theories at high FIR luminosities ( L _60 _μ _m ≳ 10 ^9.5 L _⊙ ) and at low FIR luminosities ( L _60 _μ _m ≲ 10 ^9.5 L _⊙ ), the so-called “conspiracy” of increasing UV radiation escape in tandem with increasing CRe escape, and find that the global FRC is insensitive to orders-of-magnitude locally variable CR transport coefficients. Importantly, the indirect effect of AGN feedback on emergent observables highlights novel interpretations of outliers in the FRC. In particular, we find that in many cases “radio-excess” objects can be better understood as “IR-dim” objects with longer-lived radio contributions at low z from Type Ia supernovae and intermittent black hole accretion in quenching galaxies, though this is sensitive to the interplay of CR transport and AGN feedback physics. This creates characteristic evolutionary tracks leading to the z = 0 FRC, which shape the subsequent late-time behavior of each model. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd383e9e991c4f66870e5d7b511918ad2025-02-07T09:24:13ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01980113510.3847/1538-4357/ada280Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of GalaxiesSam B. Ponnada0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-2695Rachel K. Cochrane1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8855-6107Philip F. Hopkins2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-1684Iryna S. Butsky3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1257-5007Sarah Wellons4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3977-2724N. Nicole Sanchez5Cameron Hummels6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3817-8133Yue Samuel Lu7Dušan Kereš8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-7067Christopher C. Hayward9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4073-3236TAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Mailcode 350-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; sponnada@caltech.eduInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UK; Department of Astronomy, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, USATAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Mailcode 350-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; sponnada@caltech.eduKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology and Department of Physics, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University , 96 Foss Hill Drive, Middletown, CT 06459, USATAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Mailcode 350-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; sponnada@caltech.edu; The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USATAPIR, California Institute of Technology , Mailcode 350-17, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; sponnada@caltech.eduDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093, USAEureka Scientific, Inc. , 2452 Delmer Street, Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602, USA; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan; Center for Computational Astrophysics , Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USAThe far-infrared–radio correlation (FRC) is one of the most promising empirical constraints on the role of cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in galaxy formation and evolution. While many theories have been proposed in order to explain the emergence and maintenance of the FRC across a gamut of galaxy properties and redshift, the nonlinear physics at play remain unexplored in full complexity and within a cosmological context. We present the first reproduction of the z ∼ 0 FRC using detailed synthetic observations of state-of-the-art cosmological zoom-in simulations from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE-3) suite with explicitly evolved CR proton and electron (CRe) spectra, for three models for CR transport and multichannel active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. In doing so, we generally verify the predictions of “calorimeter” theories at high FIR luminosities ( L _60 _μ _m ≳ 10 ^9.5 L _⊙ ) and at low FIR luminosities ( L _60 _μ _m ≲ 10 ^9.5 L _⊙ ), the so-called “conspiracy” of increasing UV radiation escape in tandem with increasing CRe escape, and find that the global FRC is insensitive to orders-of-magnitude locally variable CR transport coefficients. Importantly, the indirect effect of AGN feedback on emergent observables highlights novel interpretations of outliers in the FRC. In particular, we find that in many cases “radio-excess” objects can be better understood as “IR-dim” objects with longer-lived radio contributions at low z from Type Ia supernovae and intermittent black hole accretion in quenching galaxies, though this is sensitive to the interplay of CR transport and AGN feedback physics. This creates characteristic evolutionary tracks leading to the z = 0 FRC, which shape the subsequent late-time behavior of each model.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada280GalaxiesCosmic raysExtragalactic magnetic fieldsMagnetohydrodynamical simulationsRadiative transfer simulationsStellar feedback |
| spellingShingle | Sam B. Ponnada Rachel K. Cochrane Philip F. Hopkins Iryna S. Butsky Sarah Wellons N. Nicole Sanchez Cameron Hummels Yue Samuel Lu Dušan Kereš Christopher C. Hayward Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies The Astrophysical Journal Galaxies Cosmic rays Extragalactic magnetic fields Magnetohydrodynamical simulations Radiative transfer simulations Stellar feedback |
| title | Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies |
| title_full | Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies |
| title_fullStr | Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies |
| title_short | Hooks, Lines, and Sinkers: How Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback and Cosmic-Ray Transport Shape the Far-infrared–Radio Correlation of Galaxies |
| title_sort | hooks lines and sinkers how active galactic nucleus feedback and cosmic ray transport shape the far infrared radio correlation of galaxies |
| topic | Galaxies Cosmic rays Extragalactic magnetic fields Magnetohydrodynamical simulations Radiative transfer simulations Stellar feedback |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada280 |
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