Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has rapidly developed in biomedical imaging. The point spread function (PSF) is critical for addressing image blurring in PAI. However, in circular integrating detection systems, the PSF exhibits spatial variations. This makes PSF extraction challenging. The existing stud...

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Main Authors: Shan Gao, Xili Jing, Mengyu Fang, Jingru Zhao, Tianrun Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4922
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author Shan Gao
Xili Jing
Mengyu Fang
Jingru Zhao
Tianrun Zhang
author_facet Shan Gao
Xili Jing
Mengyu Fang
Jingru Zhao
Tianrun Zhang
author_sort Shan Gao
collection DOAJ
description Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has rapidly developed in biomedical imaging. The point spread function (PSF) is critical for addressing image blurring in PAI. However, in circular integrating detection systems, the PSF exhibits spatial variations. This makes PSF extraction challenging. The existing studies typically assume that the PSF is known or obtained through experiments. This study proposes a method for extracting the PSF based on the polar coordinate system. By transforming the image from the Cartesian coordinate system to the polar coordinate system, the “spin blur” problem is decomposed into multiple independent subproblems. With the separation of the radial and angular directions, the blurring kernel remains invariant at each radius, thereby simplifying the estimation of the PSF. To estimate the blurring kernel, we use polynomial algebraic common factor extraction techniques. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the method, and the impact of sample size on computational efficiency and accuracy is discussed.
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institution DOAJ
issn 2076-3417
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publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-dd2342385bab4ffca694be3080984f642025-08-20T02:58:43ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01159492210.3390/app15094922Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating DetectorShan Gao0Xili Jing1Mengyu Fang2Jingru Zhao3Tianrun Zhang4State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, ChinaPhotoacoustic imaging (PAI) has rapidly developed in biomedical imaging. The point spread function (PSF) is critical for addressing image blurring in PAI. However, in circular integrating detection systems, the PSF exhibits spatial variations. This makes PSF extraction challenging. The existing studies typically assume that the PSF is known or obtained through experiments. This study proposes a method for extracting the PSF based on the polar coordinate system. By transforming the image from the Cartesian coordinate system to the polar coordinate system, the “spin blur” problem is decomposed into multiple independent subproblems. With the separation of the radial and angular directions, the blurring kernel remains invariant at each radius, thereby simplifying the estimation of the PSF. To estimate the blurring kernel, we use polynomial algebraic common factor extraction techniques. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the method, and the impact of sample size on computational efficiency and accuracy is discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4922photoacoustic imagingcoordinate transformationdeconvolutionblurring kernel
spellingShingle Shan Gao
Xili Jing
Mengyu Fang
Jingru Zhao
Tianrun Zhang
Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
Applied Sciences
photoacoustic imaging
coordinate transformation
deconvolution
blurring kernel
title Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
title_full Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
title_fullStr Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
title_full_unstemmed Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
title_short Photoacoustic Imaging with a Finite-Size Circular Integrating Detector
title_sort photoacoustic imaging with a finite size circular integrating detector
topic photoacoustic imaging
coordinate transformation
deconvolution
blurring kernel
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4922
work_keys_str_mv AT shangao photoacousticimagingwithafinitesizecircularintegratingdetector
AT xilijing photoacousticimagingwithafinitesizecircularintegratingdetector
AT mengyufang photoacousticimagingwithafinitesizecircularintegratingdetector
AT jingruzhao photoacousticimagingwithafinitesizecircularintegratingdetector
AT tianrunzhang photoacousticimagingwithafinitesizecircularintegratingdetector