In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) are significant pathogens responsible for a range of infections, including those in diabetic patients. The increasing resistance to antibiotics necessitates the exploration of altern...

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Main Authors: Nhlanhla W. Nsele, Kegomoditswe P. Mathobela, Siyabonga P. Radebe, Nokukhanya Thembane
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AOSIS 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development
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Online Access:https://jomped.org/index.php/jomped/article/view/280
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author Nhlanhla W. Nsele
Kegomoditswe P. Mathobela
Siyabonga P. Radebe
Nokukhanya Thembane
author_facet Nhlanhla W. Nsele
Kegomoditswe P. Mathobela
Siyabonga P. Radebe
Nokukhanya Thembane
author_sort Nhlanhla W. Nsele
collection DOAJ
description Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) are significant pathogens responsible for a range of infections, including those in diabetic patients. The increasing resistance to antibiotics necessitates the exploration of alternative antibacterial agents. The Psidium guajava (guava) plant has demonstrated antimicrobial properties, but its efficacy against S. aureus strains remains underexplored. Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanol and water extracts of guava leaf extracts against MRSA and MSSA. Setting: In vitro study conducted under controlled laboratory settings at Mangosuthu University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. Methods: Guava leaf extracts were prepared using ethanol and water. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. The zone of inhibition size and MIC values were measured for both MRSA and MSSA. Results: The water-based extract produced larger zones of inhibition and lower MIC values compared to the ethanol extract, indicating higher potency. However, both extracts showed reduced activity against MRSA, which may be attributed to the presence of the mecA gene, conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Conclusion: While the water-based guava extract demonstrated significant antibacterial potential against both MRSA and MSSA, further research is needed to isolate specific bioactive compounds and assess clinical applicability. Contribution: These findings suggest that guava leaves may offer a natural alternative or adjunctive treatment for S. aureus infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.
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spelling doaj-art-dd219042f013424f8d6809fcc5e59e172025-08-20T03:07:34ZengAOSISJournal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development2519-559X2616-48092025-05-0191e1e710.4102/jomped.v9i1.280125In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSANhlanhla W. Nsele0Kegomoditswe P. Mathobela1Siyabonga P. Radebe2Nokukhanya Thembane3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Applied and Health Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, DurbanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Applied and Health Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, DurbanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Applied and Health Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, DurbanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Applied and Health Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, DurbanBackground: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) are significant pathogens responsible for a range of infections, including those in diabetic patients. The increasing resistance to antibiotics necessitates the exploration of alternative antibacterial agents. The Psidium guajava (guava) plant has demonstrated antimicrobial properties, but its efficacy against S. aureus strains remains underexplored. Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanol and water extracts of guava leaf extracts against MRSA and MSSA. Setting: In vitro study conducted under controlled laboratory settings at Mangosuthu University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. Methods: Guava leaf extracts were prepared using ethanol and water. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. The zone of inhibition size and MIC values were measured for both MRSA and MSSA. Results: The water-based extract produced larger zones of inhibition and lower MIC values compared to the ethanol extract, indicating higher potency. However, both extracts showed reduced activity against MRSA, which may be attributed to the presence of the mecA gene, conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Conclusion: While the water-based guava extract demonstrated significant antibacterial potential against both MRSA and MSSA, further research is needed to isolate specific bioactive compounds and assess clinical applicability. Contribution: These findings suggest that guava leaves may offer a natural alternative or adjunctive treatment for S. aureus infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant strains.https://jomped.org/index.php/jomped/article/view/280guavatype 2 diabetesmethicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureusmethicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureusantimicrobial resistance
spellingShingle Nhlanhla W. Nsele
Kegomoditswe P. Mathobela
Siyabonga P. Radebe
Nokukhanya Thembane
In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development
guava
type 2 diabetes
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus
antimicrobial resistance
title In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
title_full In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
title_fullStr In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
title_full_unstemmed In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
title_short In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts against MRSA and MSSA
title_sort in vitro antibacterial activity of psidium guajava guava extracts against mrsa and mssa
topic guava
type 2 diabetes
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus
antimicrobial resistance
url https://jomped.org/index.php/jomped/article/view/280
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