The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds
ABSTRACT For birds breeding in the Arctic, nest success is affected by the timing of nest initiation, which is partially determined by local conditions such as snow cover. However, conditions during the non‐breeding season can carry over to affect the timing of breeding. We used tracking and breedin...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70610 |
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| author | W. B. English B. Lagassé S. Brown M. Boldenow J. Burger B. Casler A. D. Dey S. Feigin S. Freeman H. R. Gates K. E. Iaquinto S. Koch J. F. Lamarre R. B. Lanctot C. Latty V. Loverti L. McKinnon D. Newstead L. Niles E. Nol D. Payer R. Porter J. Rausch S. T. Saalfeld F. Sanders N. R. Senner S. Schulte K. Sowl B. Winn L. Wright M. B. Wunder P. A. Smith |
| author_facet | W. B. English B. Lagassé S. Brown M. Boldenow J. Burger B. Casler A. D. Dey S. Feigin S. Freeman H. R. Gates K. E. Iaquinto S. Koch J. F. Lamarre R. B. Lanctot C. Latty V. Loverti L. McKinnon D. Newstead L. Niles E. Nol D. Payer R. Porter J. Rausch S. T. Saalfeld F. Sanders N. R. Senner S. Schulte K. Sowl B. Winn L. Wright M. B. Wunder P. A. Smith |
| author_sort | W. B. English |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT For birds breeding in the Arctic, nest success is affected by the timing of nest initiation, which is partially determined by local conditions such as snow cover. However, conditions during the non‐breeding season can carry over to affect the timing of breeding. We used tracking and breeding data from 248 individuals of 8 species and subspecies of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds to estimate how the timing of nest initiation is related to local conditions like snowmelt phenology versus prior conditions, measured by the timing and speed of migration. Using path analysis, our global model showed that local and prior conditions have similar effect sizes (Standardised Path Coefficients ± SE of 0.44 ± 0.07 and 0.43 ± 0.07 for snowmelt and arrival timing, respectively), suggesting that both influence the timing of breeding and therefore potentially reproductive output. However, the importance of each variable varied across species. Individuals that arrived later to the breeding grounds did not leave the wintering grounds later, but instead took longer to migrate, potentially reflecting differences in flight speed or time spent at stopover sites. We hypothesise that this may be due to reduced habitat quality at some stopover sites or an inability to adjust their departure timing or migration speed to match the advancing spring phenology in the North. Individuals that migrated longer distances also arrived and nested later. Our results highlight the benefits and potential conservation implications of using a full annual cycle approach to assess the factors influencing reproductive timing of birds. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd1d4fe0e9ae42fd8f6a6c3465a1f7102025-01-29T05:08:42ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-01-01151n/an/a10.1002/ece3.70610The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding BirdsW. B. English0B. Lagassé1S. Brown2M. Boldenow3J. Burger4B. Casler5A. D. Dey6S. Feigin7S. Freeman8H. R. Gates9K. E. Iaquinto10S. Koch11J. F. Lamarre12R. B. Lanctot13C. Latty14V. Loverti15L. McKinnon16D. Newstead17L. Niles18E. Nol19D. Payer20R. Porter21J. Rausch22S. T. Saalfeld23F. Sanders24N. R. Senner25S. Schulte26K. Sowl27B. Winn28L. Wright29M. B. Wunder30P. A. Smith31Carleton University Ottawa Ontario CanadaDepartment of Biology and Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USAManomet Inc Saxtons River Vermont USAFisheries and Ecological Services U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Anchorage Alaska USADivision of Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey USAFallon Nevada USAEndangered and Nongame Species Program New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife Millville New Jersey USAWildlife Restoration Partnerships Greenwich New Jersey USAU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Fairbanks Alaska USANational Audubon Society, Audubon Americas Anchorage Alaska USAU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Monomoy NWR Hadley Massachusetts USAU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Eastern Massachusetts NWR Complex Hadley Massachusetts USADépartement de Biologie and Centre d'études Nordiques Université du Québec à Rimouski Rimouski Quebec CanadaMigratory Bird Management Division U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Region Anchorage Alaska USAU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Fairbanks Alaska USAMigratory Bird and Habitat Program U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Portland Oregon USABilingual Biology Program York University Glendon Campus Toronto Ontario CanadaCoastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program (CBBEP) Corpus Christi Texas USAWildlife Restoration Partnerships Greenwich New Jersey USABiology Department Trent University Peterborough Ontario CanadaNational Park Service Anchorage Alaska USAAmbler Pennsylvania USACanadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada Yellowknife Northwest Territories CanadaMigratory Bird Management Division U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Region Anchorage Alaska USASouth Carolina Department of Natural Resources McClellanville South Carolina USADepartment of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USAManomet Inc Saxtons River Vermont USANational Wildlife Refuge System Homer Alaska USAManomet Inc Saxtons River Vermont USAToronto Ontario CanadaDepartment of Integrative Biology University of Colorado Denver Denver Colorado USAWildlife Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada Ottawa Ontario CanadaABSTRACT For birds breeding in the Arctic, nest success is affected by the timing of nest initiation, which is partially determined by local conditions such as snow cover. However, conditions during the non‐breeding season can carry over to affect the timing of breeding. We used tracking and breeding data from 248 individuals of 8 species and subspecies of Arctic‐breeding shorebirds to estimate how the timing of nest initiation is related to local conditions like snowmelt phenology versus prior conditions, measured by the timing and speed of migration. Using path analysis, our global model showed that local and prior conditions have similar effect sizes (Standardised Path Coefficients ± SE of 0.44 ± 0.07 and 0.43 ± 0.07 for snowmelt and arrival timing, respectively), suggesting that both influence the timing of breeding and therefore potentially reproductive output. However, the importance of each variable varied across species. Individuals that arrived later to the breeding grounds did not leave the wintering grounds later, but instead took longer to migrate, potentially reflecting differences in flight speed or time spent at stopover sites. We hypothesise that this may be due to reduced habitat quality at some stopover sites or an inability to adjust their departure timing or migration speed to match the advancing spring phenology in the North. Individuals that migrated longer distances also arrived and nested later. Our results highlight the benefits and potential conservation implications of using a full annual cycle approach to assess the factors influencing reproductive timing of birds.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70610Arcticcarry‐over effectsmigrationphenologyshorebirdtracking |
| spellingShingle | W. B. English B. Lagassé S. Brown M. Boldenow J. Burger B. Casler A. D. Dey S. Feigin S. Freeman H. R. Gates K. E. Iaquinto S. Koch J. F. Lamarre R. B. Lanctot C. Latty V. Loverti L. McKinnon D. Newstead L. Niles E. Nol D. Payer R. Porter J. Rausch S. T. Saalfeld F. Sanders N. R. Senner S. Schulte K. Sowl B. Winn L. Wright M. B. Wunder P. A. Smith The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds Ecology and Evolution Arctic carry‐over effects migration phenology shorebird tracking |
| title | The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds |
| title_full | The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds |
| title_short | The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic‐Breeding Birds |
| title_sort | influence of migration timing and local conditions on reproductive timing in arctic breeding birds |
| topic | Arctic carry‐over effects migration phenology shorebird tracking |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70610 |
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