Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming
Abstract Understanding the factors controlling surface temperature variance is crucial for predicting temperature extremes. Previous investigations have examined individual impacts of temperature advection and surface turbulent fluxes on temperature fluctuations. Here, we explore the constraints on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004612 |
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| author | Bowen Ge Gang Chen Jian Lu Wenyu Zhou |
| author_facet | Bowen Ge Gang Chen Jian Lu Wenyu Zhou |
| author_sort | Bowen Ge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Understanding the factors controlling surface temperature variance is crucial for predicting temperature extremes. Previous investigations have examined individual impacts of temperature advection and surface turbulent fluxes on temperature fluctuations. Here, we explore the constraints on temperature variance from the moist static energy (MSE) balance and introduce a new scaling relation that connects the generation of temperature variance through moist energy transport with its dissipation due to the net energetic forcing of the atmosphere. This theory is evaluated in an idealized aquaplanet model. We find that surface temperature variance is influenced by eddy (sensible) heat flux, MSE gradient, and the Clausius‐Clapeyron relation for evaporative cooling. Under global warming, the reduced temperature variance in the aquaplanet model is dominated by the weakening in eddy heat flux, but it is also affected by changes in evaporative cooling and MSE gradient, which may be more important in realistic, moisture‐limited regions over land. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dcf4ea55e5df49ef848220286fca42b9 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1942-2466 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-dcf4ea55e5df49ef848220286fca42b92025-08-20T01:56:38ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662025-05-01175n/an/a10.1029/2024MS004612Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate WarmingBowen Ge0Gang Chen1Jian Lu2Wenyu Zhou3Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USADepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USACollege of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao ChinaPacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USAAbstract Understanding the factors controlling surface temperature variance is crucial for predicting temperature extremes. Previous investigations have examined individual impacts of temperature advection and surface turbulent fluxes on temperature fluctuations. Here, we explore the constraints on temperature variance from the moist static energy (MSE) balance and introduce a new scaling relation that connects the generation of temperature variance through moist energy transport with its dissipation due to the net energetic forcing of the atmosphere. This theory is evaluated in an idealized aquaplanet model. We find that surface temperature variance is influenced by eddy (sensible) heat flux, MSE gradient, and the Clausius‐Clapeyron relation for evaporative cooling. Under global warming, the reduced temperature variance in the aquaplanet model is dominated by the weakening in eddy heat flux, but it is also affected by changes in evaporative cooling and MSE gradient, which may be more important in realistic, moisture‐limited regions over land.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004612surface temperature variancemoist static energy (MSE)climate warmingeddy heat fluxevaporative coolingscaling relation |
| spellingShingle | Bowen Ge Gang Chen Jian Lu Wenyu Zhou Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems surface temperature variance moist static energy (MSE) climate warming eddy heat flux evaporative cooling scaling relation |
| title | Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming |
| title_full | Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming |
| title_fullStr | Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming |
| title_short | Moist Energy Constraints on Surface Temperature Variance Under Climate Warming |
| title_sort | moist energy constraints on surface temperature variance under climate warming |
| topic | surface temperature variance moist static energy (MSE) climate warming eddy heat flux evaporative cooling scaling relation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004612 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bowenge moistenergyconstraintsonsurfacetemperaturevarianceunderclimatewarming AT gangchen moistenergyconstraintsonsurfacetemperaturevarianceunderclimatewarming AT jianlu moistenergyconstraintsonsurfacetemperaturevarianceunderclimatewarming AT wenyuzhou moistenergyconstraintsonsurfacetemperaturevarianceunderclimatewarming |